Restrictive Lung Disease Flashcards
FEV1/FVC in restrictive lung disease
Normal
FEV1 in Restrictive lung disease
Low
FVC in restrictive lung disease
Low
Diffuse Alveolar Damage cause (ACUTE!!!)
Major trauma Chemical injury/ toxic inhalation Circulatory shock Drugs Infection Autoimmune disease Radiation
Process of DADS
- rapid oedema for 2 days
- oedema brings lots of proteins which perspitate and stay in the alveoli
- a fews days later this cause inflammation in the Alveoli.
- fews days later again, fibrosis occours which causes lots of scarring.
Very dangerous. High mortality
Sarcoidosis
A multisystem granulomatous disorder of no know cause
The 3 interstial lung diseases
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
What is a restrictive lung disease
A disease which reduces the volume of air in the lungs
Vital capacity reduced( volume of full breath in to max exhale). Below 80% of the normal is abnormal
Where is the interstitium
Between the alveoli and capillary. Is very small normally
Symptoms of sarcoidosis
Can have red sore lesions on skin
Redness on the eyes (inflammation)
Other type of pink, less sore looking lesions
Melanoma looking skin lesions of scalp
Granulomas around areas of skin traumas( surgery scars and tatoos)
Big lesion on nose
Who typically gets sarcoidosis
Younger people <40
Female > Male
Type 1 sarcoidosis X ray
Swelling of glands
Para-tracheal enlargement
Type 2 sarcoidosis X ray
Spots in lungs
Type 3 sarcoidosis X ray
More spots
Fibrosis noticeable
Type 4 sarcoidosis X ray
Lots of fibrosis
Mild sarcoidosis treatment
No treatment
Treatment of sarcoidosis if you have erythema nodosum/arthralgia (that’s the red skin lesions)
NAIDs (non steroidal anti-imflamitaries)
Treatment of sarcoidosis with skin lesions, anterior uveitis( eye inflammation), cough
5opical steroids
Treatment of sarcoidosis with cardiac, neurological, non topical responsive eye disease, hyper calcaemia
Systemic steroids
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis typical presentation
Chronic breathlessness and cough Typically 60-70 years Commoner in men Clubbed fingers CRACKLES!!!!
Treatment of ILF
Oral antifibrotic drugs (do not cure just slow progression)
If fit enough possible lung transplant
Palliative care
Prognosis is not good
Common causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Birds
Hay
Malt
