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Lung Diseases > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Type 2 alveolar cells secrete what

A

surfactant

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2
Q

muscles of inspiration

A

Main- diaphragm and external intercoastal muscles

other- sternocleidomastoids and scalene’s

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3
Q

muscles of expiration

A

internal and innermost intercostals and abdominals

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4
Q

pressure in pleura minus pressure in alveoli is what

A

negative

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5
Q

High compliance of lungs

A

large movement for small pressure difference

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6
Q

Low compliance of lungs

A

small movement for large pressure change

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7
Q

unit of ventilation

A

L/min

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8
Q

PA

A

alveolar partial pressure

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9
Q

Pa

A

arterial partial pressure

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10
Q

At the base of the lung what is higher? Ventilation or perfusion

A

perfusion

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11
Q

At the apex of the lung what is higher? Ventilation or perfusion

A

ventilation

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12
Q

What is name for heart rate changing due to inspiration/expiration

A

SRA (sinus respiratory arrhythmia)

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13
Q

What percentage of 02 in blood is used during rest

A

25%

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14
Q

Normal cardiac output

A

5L/min

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15
Q

What causes haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to shift to the right. And what does this mean

A

Increase in Acidity(decrease in pH), Temp, PaCO2

Means increased oxygenation to peripheries as haemoglobin is more willing to give up oxygen

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16
Q

What causes haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to shift to the left. And what does this mean

A

Decrease in Temp and PaCO2
increase in alkaline/pH

Means decreased oxygenation to peripheries as haemoglobin is less willing to give up oxygen

17
Q

What to erythrocytes (red blood cells) release when peripheral oxygen is low

A

2-3 DPG

18
Q

What does increased 2-3 DPG do to the haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve

A

move to the right

19
Q

Foetal haemoglobin moves haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to the left or right? why is this?

A

left

as it has a affinity then it can extract oxygen from mothers blood

20
Q

Central chemoreceptors respond to what

A

H+ (PoCO2)

21
Q

Periphery chemoreceptors respond to what

A

P02 and a little PCO2

22
Q

Alkalosis does what to raspatory rate

A

decreases

23
Q

acidosis does what to raspatory rate

A

increases

Lung Diseases (14 decks)

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