Physiology Flashcards
Type 2 alveolar cells secrete what
surfactant
muscles of inspiration
Main- diaphragm and external intercoastal muscles
other- sternocleidomastoids and scalene’s
muscles of expiration
internal and innermost intercostals and abdominals
pressure in pleura minus pressure in alveoli is what
negative
High compliance of lungs
large movement for small pressure difference
Low compliance of lungs
small movement for large pressure change
unit of ventilation
L/min
PA
alveolar partial pressure
Pa
arterial partial pressure
At the base of the lung what is higher? Ventilation or perfusion
perfusion
At the apex of the lung what is higher? Ventilation or perfusion
ventilation
What is name for heart rate changing due to inspiration/expiration
SRA (sinus respiratory arrhythmia)
What percentage of 02 in blood is used during rest
25%
Normal cardiac output
5L/min
What causes haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to shift to the right. And what does this mean
Increase in Acidity(decrease in pH), Temp, PaCO2
Means increased oxygenation to peripheries as haemoglobin is more willing to give up oxygen
What causes haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to shift to the left. And what does this mean
Decrease in Temp and PaCO2
increase in alkaline/pH
Means decreased oxygenation to peripheries as haemoglobin is less willing to give up oxygen
What to erythrocytes (red blood cells) release when peripheral oxygen is low
2-3 DPG
What does increased 2-3 DPG do to the haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve
move to the right
Foetal haemoglobin moves haemoglobin/oxygen affinity curve to the left or right? why is this?
left
as it has a affinity then it can extract oxygen from mothers blood
Central chemoreceptors respond to what
H+ (PoCO2)
Periphery chemoreceptors respond to what
P02 and a little PCO2
Alkalosis does what to raspatory rate
decreases
acidosis does what to raspatory rate
increases
