Developmental Aspects Of The Lungs Flashcards
Embryonic phase
3-18 weeks
Lung bud starts to develope from foregut
Psuedoglandular phase
5-17
Rapid branching of the Airways
Development of mucous and cillia cells in airways
Camalicular phase
16-26 weeks
Starts to develop alveoli and capillaries
Type 1 and 2 alveoli cells
Saccular phase
24-38
Alveoli sacs increase in size and produce more surfactant
Interstial space reduces
Alveolar phase
36 weeks-2/3 years
Better vasculature
What is Laryngomalacia
A floppy-ness of the airway
An abnormal collapse of the larynx
Clinical signs of laryngomalacia
Present with stridor
Worse when feeding or when uoser/excited
Treatment of laryngomalacia
Will normal improve in first year
Cause for concern if affects feeding, growth or causes apnoeas
What is tracheomalacia
A floppyness of the trachea
Typically genetic
May be caused by external pressures (vessels or tumors)
Clinical signs of tracheomalacia
Barking cough
Recurrent croup
Breathless on exertion
Stridor/wheeze
Treatmemt of Tracheomalacia
Typically no treatment, gets better with age
When child is unwell may require antibiotics and physio
What is a tracheo-oesphageal fistula
An abnormal connection between the trachea and the oesophagus
Clinical signs of tracheo-oesphageal fistula
Can be picked up antenatally but typically postnatally
Presentation- Choking Colour change Cough from feeding Unable to pass NG tube
Treatment of tracheo-oesphageal fistula
Surgery
What is congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM)
A general term for abnormal non-functional lung tissue
