Restrictive lung disease Flashcards
what intrinsic factors may affect gas exchange in ILD
inflammation/scarring
impairment of A-a barrier
what extrinsic factors may affect gas exchange in ILD
obesity kyphoscoliosis MND pleural thickening pleural effusion
ILD is indicated when DLCO is below…
80%
name 2 antifibrotic drugs
pirfenidone, nintedanib
what is CPAP
continuous positive airways pressure
what may cause ILD
hypersensitivity
IPF
Radiation
Drugs
hypersensitivity to thermophilic bacteria may cause
farmers lung
hypersensitivity to avian proteins may cause
bird fanciers lung
hypersensitivity to fungi exposure may cause
malt workers lung
treatment of acute sarcoid?
none, it is self limiting
4 things sarcoid may cause
erythema nodosum
uveitis
lymphadenopathy
hypercalcaemia
what is pneumoconiosis caused by?
exposure to dust particles such as coal or minerals
what markers would be raised in sarcoid?
calcium, inflammatory markers, angiotensin converting enzyme (not a diagnostic)
what would a tissue biopsy of sarcoid show
non-caeseating granuloma
3 immunosuppressants used in treating sarcoid
anti-TNF
methotrexate
azathioprine
what type of hypersensitivity is hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Type III
what is the most common ILD
IPF
what secondary causes may cause IPF
nitrofurantoin, amiodarone, methotrexate exposure
rheumatoid
asbestos exposure
true/false - antifibrotic drugs reverse fibrosis
false
symptoms of simple pneumoconiosis
none!
what is caplans syndrome
rheumatoid pneumoconiosis (created nodules)
define asbestosis
diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by heavy asbestos exposure. present in sputum and lung biopsy
