Histology Flashcards
Functions of the nasal cavity
warms, moistens and filters air
what epithelium is found in the nasal cavity
Olfactory epithelium, keratinised stratified squamous epithelium and respiratory epithelium
What is respiratory epithelium
goblet cells as well as pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
what does the lamina propria of the nasal cavity contain
loose connective tissue with seromucous glands and venous sinuses
true/false - the oropharynx contains respiratory epithelium
false - it contains stratified squamous epithelium
What epithelium lines the epiglottis
anterior and upper posterior is stratified squamous epithelium
All else is respiratory
the vocal folds of the larynx are lined with _____
Stratified squamous epithelium
trachea contains what type of c shaped cartilage
hyaline
what lines trachea
respiratory epithelium with basal lamina, lamina propria (elastic tissue with elastic fibres), submucosa with seromucous glands and connective tissue
what shape cartilage do bronchi have
plates
the upper respiratory tree is fed by what blood supply
bronchial arteries and veins
bronchi have respiratory epithelium and a lamina propria as well as….
muscularis with smooth muscle ring, adipose and seromucous glands
what are terminal bronchioles
last bronchioles with respiratory conducting function
What are respiratory bronchioles
first conducting part of respiratory tree
what does bronchial smooth muscle respond to
hisamine, parasympathetic innervation
what would the lamina propria of bronchioles look like?
contains smooth muscle and some elastic and collagenous fibres
what epithelium do terminal bronchioles have
cuboidal ciliated
club cells, non ciliated and above level of adjacent cells
what do club cells do
act as stem cells, detoxifacation, surfactant production and immune modulation
Type 1 alveolar cells
simple squamous to line alveoli
Type 2 alveolar cells
produce surfactant and release via exocytosis to reduce surface tension
Why is surfactant important
reduces surface tension of water to reduce the chance of alveolar collapse
what do alveolar macrophages do?
phagocytose inhaled particles that escaped mucus entrapment. travel up respiratory tree into pharynx and are swallowed
what does the air-blood barrier consist of
type I alveolar cells, endothelial cells and basal lamina
what does mesothelium consist of
layers of fibrous and elastic connective tissue with outer simple squamous epithelium
