Restorative - Week 5 PP

Question 1

Dental Assistant role in Cavity Preparation

Answer 1

The dental assistant must be able to identify instruments in order to properly set up an instrument tray for a restorative procedure and effectively assist in four-handed dentistry in those procedures

Question 2

Cavity Preparation Terminlogy

Answer 2

Preparation of cavities results in the formation of various lines, walls and angles

Question 3

Wall of Cavity

Answer 3

An enclosing side of a prepared cavity. The cavity wall is named for the surface of the tooth toward which it is placed.

Question 4

Pulpal Floor/ Wall of Cavity

Answer 4

the portion of the prep that is external to the pulp, or covers the pulp

Question 5

Axial Wall of Cavity

Answer 5

the area of the prepared cavity that is parallel to the log axis of the tooth

Question 6

Line Angle (of Cavity)

Answer 6

formed where the two walls meet

Question 7

Point Angle (of Cavity)

Answer 7

where three walls meet and form a point

Question 8

Cavosurface Angle or Margin (of Cavity)

Answer 8

is a line angle in a prepared cavity formed
at the junction of the wall of the cavity and the surface of the tooth

Question 9

Bevel (of Cavity)

Answer 9

– is a slanting of the enamel margins from 90 degrees and may be prepared in several ways

Question 10

Common Preparation Instruments for Restoration

Answer 10

Single working end instruments
* Designed for a very specific area or task

Double-ended instruments or Paired instruments
* One end for one surface of the tooth or mouth and the other end for the opposite side of the tooth or mouth

Question 11

Instrument Shank Angles

Answer 11

Monangled – shank has one angle
Biangled – Shank has two angles (held in a pen grasp)
Triple Angled – shank has three angles (held in a pen grasp)
Quadrangled – shank has four angles (held in a pen grasp)

Straight – shank has NO angles, will be used in the anterior part of the mouth
Curve – shank is curved it is designed by a specific dentist and will usually have the name of the dentist assigned to it (held in a palm- thumb grasp)

Question 12

Instrument Bevels

Answer 12

Instruments are designed to work on the right or left, mesial or distal surface of the tooth, or on the right or left side of the mouth with the placement of a bevel or angle on the cutting edge

The bevel of an instrument has been cut or sharpened to form one angle or two

Instruments are described as “single-beveled” or “bi-beveled”

Question 13

Burs

Answer 13

In restorative dentistry burs (rotary instruments) are used to cut through tooth structure in order to gain access, remove decay and create mechanical retention

Burs require the use of a dental handpiece to rotate the cutting edges at either high or low speeds in order to cut tooth structure, bone or restorative materials

Question 14

Bur Shank

Answer 14

3 Basic Styles:

Straight Shank
* The long straight shank is used in the straight
attachment, which fits onto the low-speed handpiece (used extra-orally, not used in the mouth)

Latch-type shank
* Has a small groove at the end that mechanically locks into the contra-angle attachment, which fits on the slowspeed handpiece.

Friction-grip Shank
* The shank is short and smooth and has no retention grooves at the end. It is held into the high-speed handpiece by friction that grips the entire shank

Question 15

Burs are needed in restorative dentistry for the following procedures:

Answer 15

• Preparing the tooth
• Excavating decay
• Finishing cavity walls
• Finishing restoration surfaces
• Removing old fillings
• Finishing crown preparations
• Separating crowns and bridges
• Adjusting and correcting acrylic temporary crowns

Question 16

Burs are typically made of…

Answer 16

Burs are typically made of tungsten carbide as it is stiffer and stronger than steel and remains sharp longer

Question 17

The bur shape refers to…

Answer 17

to the contour or design of the head of the bur

A bur will have a name, a series of numbers attached to its shape, and a purpose for use

Question 18

Inverted Cone Bur

Answer 18

-Removes decay
-establishes retentive grooves

Question 19

Straight Fissure Plain Cut Bur

Answer 19

• Initial entry into the tooth
• Helps form the internal walls of the preparation

Question 20

Straight Fissure Cross-Cut Bur

Answer 20

• Helps form the internal walls of the preparation

Question 21

Tapered Fissure Plain Cut Bur

Answer 21

Helps in providing angles to the walls of the prepared tooth

Question 22

Tapered Fissure Cross-cut Bur

Answer 22

Helps in providing angles to the walls of the prepared tooth

Question 23

Round Bur

Answer 23

• Initial entry into tooth structure
• Extends preparation
• Retention
• Removes decay

Question 24

Pear Bur

Answer 24

• Initial entry into tooth structure
• Extends preparation

Question 25

End Cutting Bur

Answer 25

Initial entry into tooth structure
* Creates a shoulder for the margin of a crown preparation

Question 26

Diamond Burs

Answer 26

Diamond burs have a metal base, with flecks of industrial diamonds embedded into the base.

Diamond burs are routinely used in restorative dentistry because the cutting ability of a diamond surface shortens preparation time and increases productivity.

They are manufactured in a range of grit (coarseness) classifications.

With repeated use and sterilization de-bonding of the
diamond particles occurs, decreasing the cutting efficiency of the diamond.

Question 27

Finishing Burs

Answer 27

A finishing bur is similar in appearance to a cutting bur, except the number of blades, or flutes, on the working end of a finishing bur is increased
The greater the number of cutting surfaces on the head of
the bur the greater its polishing or finishing capability
Finishing burs have a gold-coloured shank

Question 28

Laboratory Burs

Answer 28

Laboratory burs have a longer shank and a larger head than dental burs
Laboratory burs are for functions such as cutting and polishing acrylic.
They should NEVER be used intraorally

Question 29

SAIT Needle Stick Injury - Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids (Puncture Wound)

Answer 29

Puncture wounds are the most common cause of transfer of blood borne pathogens in the health care field. Immediate first aid procedures and proper follow up are essential to decreasing the risk of contracting infectious diseases.

*Render immediate first aid in the event of a puncture wound injury.
◦ Wash the injured area with lots of soap and water.
◦ Allow the injury or wound to bleed freely and then cover to prevent further exposures.
◦ Do not attempt to squeeze the wound as this may increase the risk of exposure.
◦ Avoid the use of alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, bleach or other chemical cleansers such as
antiseptics.

• The injured shall obtain assistance from the work area’s certified first aid provider if available and
  apply a band aid from a first aid kit.
• The injured shall notify his/her immediate preceptor/ supervisor of the injury.
• Arrangements will be made for transportation for the injured person to receive immediate medical
  attention. Needle stick injuries require professional medical attention within 2 hours.
• Complete the SAIT incident notification form within 24 hours of the incident on behalf of instructor
  and student