Restorative Art II Test 1 Flashcards
1
Q
the relationship of the size of one feature as compared with another feature… or with the width or length of the face
A
proportion
2
Q
vertical equals
A
length
3
Q
horizontal equals
A
width
4
Q
the vertical measurement of a part of a feature
A
height
5
Q
The value of the study of facial proportions
A
- Notes similarities in size of facial features
2. Notes differences in size relationships
6
Q
EVERYTHING is guided by….
A
proportions
7
Q
the most common geometric head shape
A
oval
8
Q
imaginary parallel lines…one at top of head and one at base of chin
A
length of the head
9
Q
top of head is also called
A
vertex
10
Q
extends across the corners of eyes
A
midline of the length of head
11
Q
dimension from tip of nose to greatest protrusion of back of head is equal to___________________
A
size of the length of head
12
Q
average adult’s height is…..
A
7.5 - 8 head lengths
13
Q
distance from the root of the nose to the base of the wing of the nose is equal to _______________
A
length of the first two joints of the index finger
14
Q
vertical distance from the base of the nose to the line of closure of the lips is equal to ______________
A
distance from the tip of the index finger to the first joint
15
Q
measured from normal hairline to the base of the chin…including the ears.
A
face
16
Q
what is crucial to restorative art?
A
the ears
17
Q
the width of the face is equal to______________
A
two-thirds (2/3) of the length of the face
18
Q
the face is divided into ______ measurements to determine the entire length of the face.
A
1/3
19
Q
the lower 1/3 of the face can be divided into ____ equal lengths.
A
3
20
Q
the lower 1/3 of the face is divided into what parts?
A
- Base of nose
- Line of lip closure
- Top of chin
- Base of chin
21
Q
Divide the face in 3 equal parts by drawing lines through the…..
A
- hairline
- eyebrows
- base of nose
- base of chin
22
Q
divide the face in 2 equal halves by drawing a line at the…
A
- Vertex of the cranium
- Line of eye closure
- Base of the chin
23
Q
the widest part of the head is measured by the __________
A
distance between the two parietal eminences
24
Q
the face is ____ noses long
A
3
25
the length of the nose is equal to___________
length of the ear
26
the width of the nose at the wings is equal to __________
the width of an eye
27
the face is _____ eyes wide from __________ to _________________
5
zygomatic arch
zygomatic arch
28
the distance between the eyes is equal to_______________
the width of ONE eye
29
the mouth is _____ eyes wide
2
30
the superior border of the ear is on the same ____________________________
horizontal plane as the eyebrows
31
the inferior border of the ear is on the same ______________________________
horizontal plane as the base of the nose
32
the face is ___ ears long
3
33
4 facial features that are used as units of measurements for the face.
1. head
2. nose
3. eyes
4. ear
34
Sanders states..."when using the ________ as a unit of measure, hold the ____________ parallel to the __________.
index finger
thumb
index finger
35
the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the finger is equal to ______
1. length of the ear
2. length of the nose
3. normal hairline to root of nose
4. base of nose to bottom of chin
36
the basic dimensional unit or width measurement is.......
one eye
37
to reveal asymmetry it is a good idea to invert the photo when doing a RA to get a new perspective
concept of inversion
38
Surface that lies at right angle to source of illumination.
Highlights
39
Surface that DOES NOT lie at right angle to source of illumination.
Shadow
40
types of lighting...
1. normal
2. directional
3. flat
41
lighting from above (no special placement of lights)
Normal lighting
42
lighting pointing directly (special placement of lights...purposeful)
Directional lighting
43
typically from a flash...very dark then a flash of light
flat lighting
44
in facial profiles ____________ or ______________ will be very important
degree
| projection
45
most common profile form
convex
46
least common profile form
concave
47
standard basic profile form
vertical
48
forehead tends to be level with chin & upper lip
vertical
49
forehead tends to recede as well as the chin...looks like a rounded ball.
convex
50
forehead tends to protrude as well as the chin...looks like punched in center of face.
concave
51
the ___________ is not included in our discussion on facial forms
nose
52
a person can also have a ____________ facial profile
combination
53
three basic facial profile forms
1. convex
2. concave
3. vertical
54
what 3 things form the VERTICAL PROFILE?
1. forehead
2. upper lip area
3. chin
55
the forehead will be described in its direction from the _________ going up.
eyebrows
56
the chin is described in its relationship to the _____________
upper lip
57
there are ____ profile combinations
6
58
profile combinations are in what order as far as terms?
Forehead first
| Chin second
59
6 types of profile combinations
1. convex-concave
2. concave-convex
3. vertical-convex
4. vertical-concave
5. convex-vertical
6. concave-vertical
60
Forehead recedes and chin protrudes
Convex-concave
61
Forehead protrudes and chin recedes
Concave- convex
62
Forehead is straight and chin recedes
Vertical-convex
63
Forehead is straight and chin protrudes
Vertical-concave
64
Forehead recedes and chin is straight
Convex-vertical
65
Forehead protrudes and chin is straight
Concave-vertical
66
the form of the head does not stay consistent throughout _______
a lifetime
67
head shape is influenced by its _________
bony structure
68
to get a geometric head form, we take width measurements and in those measurements we look at the width of the ___________________ and put them together along with the ___________________
bi-parietal
bi-zygomatic
bi-mandibular
length of the head
69
types of geometric head shapes...
1. Oval shape
2. Round shape
3. Square shape
4. Triangular shape
5. Inverted triangular shape
6. Diamond shape
7. Oblong shape
70
most common head shape (cranium is slightly wider than jaws)
oval shape
71
also called infantine/infantile (cranium with maximum amount of curvature)
round shape
72
forehead is wide & angles of mandible (jaw “strong jaw”) are wide & low (has very little curvature)
square shape
73
least common (Wider at angles of mandible than at the forehead)
triangular shape
74
forehead is wider than mandible...narrows considerably. (Base is superior to the apex)
Inverted triangular shape
75
cheek bones wider than forehead and mandible. Narrows on top and bottom
Diamond shape
76
head is long and narrow throughout (almost rectangular)
Oblong shape
77
least common head shape
triangular
78
bilateral forms of the head & facial features
1. bilateral-two sides
2. bilateral differences
3. bilateral silhouette
79
two sides
bilateral
80
dissimilarities that exists between one side and another
bilateral differences
81
bilateral viewpoint of both sides (from top or bottom)
bilateral silhouette
82
features that exhibit asymmetry
1. Eyelids & Eyebrows
2. Ears (exhibit the greatest differences in position, form, & size)
3. Cheeks
4. Nose & Mouth (pay attention to line of closure on mouth)
83
Surfaces exhibiting a similarity of bilateral curvature:
| These can all be seen in bilateral silhouette
1. Forehead
2. Cheeks
3. Superior Integumentary Lip
4. Chin (oval, round, angular, & square)
84
lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion
asymmetry
85
outline or surface form
contour
86
a hollow or shallow concave area in a surface
depressions
87
the silhouettes of the face from the side view
facial profiles
88
a photograph or painting in which the subject has been posted and lighted flatteringly by a professional photographer or artist.
professional portrait
89
side view of the human head
profile
90
act of throwing forward; a part extending beyond the level of its surroundings
projection
91
return of light waves from surfaces; the bending or folding back of a part upon itself
reflection
92
the process of taking in, as in a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the objects its recognizable color.
ex: an apple is called red if the red rays are reflected and the other rays in the light are absorbed.
absorption
93
the latin term for ear is...
pinna
94
no two ears are________
identical...not even on same individual
95
the _________ & ____________ of an ear can be different
shape
| placement
96
the ears change _________ in a lifetime than any other facial feature.
less
97
the ear is formed like a ____________
wedge
98
the ear is made mostly of ____________....except the _______
cartilage
| lobe
99
best structure to use when seeking location for modeled ear
External Auditory Meatus
100
As the Zygomatic Arch comes through, it divides
the length of the ear in half
101
Anatomical Structures of the Temporal Bone used for Locating the Modeled Ear
1. External Auditory Meatus (ear passage)
2. Zygomatic Arch
3. Mandibular Fossa
4. Mastoid Process
102
the zygomatic arch ABUTS the top of the......
external auditory meatus
103
the hinge portion (indention) that is located directly in front of the External auditory meatus?
mandibular fossa
104
located behind and below the external auditory meatus
mastoid process
105
internal ear bones
1. malleus
2. incus
3. stapes
106
the internal ear bones have ______________ on surface form
NO EFFECT
107
parts of the ear are classified as...
Hollows or Cavities
| Elevations or Ridges
108
5 hollows or cavities of the ear...
1. Ear Passage
2. Concha (shell)
3. Triangular Fossa
4. Scapha
5. Intertragic Notch
109
orifice that leads into the hearing organ. Not visible from the frontal view or from the direct profile view.
ear passage
110
the concave shell of the ear. Considered to be behind or above the ear passage. Walled in completely on both sides. Sometimes the vertical dimension can be cut in half.
concha
111
the deepest depression of the ear
concha
112
it is the depression that is between the crura of the antihelix
triangular fossa
113
second deepest depression of the ear
triangular fossa
114
shallowest depression of the ear
scapha
115
the fossa that is between the inner and outer rim of the ear. may be tough to find sometimes
scapha
116
notch or opening between Tragus & Antitragus of the ear
intertragic notch
117
the intertragic notch is also called the ....
spill way
118
5 elevations or ridges of the ear
1. Helix & Crus
2. Antihelix & Crura
3. Tragus
4. Antitragus
5. Lobe
119
outer rim of the ear...looks like a backwards question mark.
helix
120
beginning of the Helix...outer rim...where the Helix may originate *****confirm this******
crus of the helix
121
the crus of the helix can also originate (2)
Anterior area of the Concha
| Posterior area of the Concha
122
anterior portion of the helix will merge with the....
temple
123
superior portion of the helix separates from the _________ at the ______ of the head
temple
| side
124
the amount of separation of the superior portion from the head is about the width of a _________
pencil
125
inner rim of the ear
antihelix
126
the antihelix will bifurcates as it moves _________
superiorly
127
the antihelix bifurcates into the _______ of the antihelix
crura
128
elevation that protects the ear...
tragus
129
the tragus projects from __________ & ________ margin of the cheek
posterior
| lateral
130
eminence obliquely opposite the tragus..
antitragus
131
the antitragus is located on the ________ border of the lobe of the ear
superior
132
inferior fatty 1/3 of the ear...no cartilagenous lower part of the ear.
lobe
133
the anterior border of the lobe attaches to the_______
face
134
use the anterior margin as guide for the __________-
inclination of the ear
135
draw an imaginary line from attachment at the ________ down to the _______
temple
| lobe
136
Line can be _____________ somewhat to the line on the _______________ from brow to __________
parallel
bony profile
upper lip
