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Embalming 3 Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the second major procedure in the sanitation and temporary preservation of the dead human body.

The direct treatment other than arterial injection of the content of the body cavities and the lumina (plural for lumen) of the hollow viscera

A

Cavity embalming

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2
Q

Cavity embalming is achieved by:

A

aspiration

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3
Q

injection of a proper amount of a suitable chemical (undiluted cavity fluid)

A

aspiration

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4
Q

how much cavity fluid in normal adult & location?

A

1 bottle (16oz) in thoracic cavity

1 bottle (16oz) in abdominal/intestinal cavity

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5
Q

Purpose of cavity embalming (2)

A
  1. supplement vascular embalming, by direct treatment of contents of hollow viscera & area between organs
  2. reduce putrefactive changes caused by areas not receiving arterial fluid
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6
Q

when is cavity embalming performed?

A
  1. immediately after vascular injection

2. wait a period of time (hour or longer)

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7
Q

this is the MOST COMMON time to perform cavity embalming

A

immediately after vascular injection, to prevent gas formation & decomp

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8
Q

Instruments & equipment required for cavity embalming (8)…

A
  1. Trocar
  2. Tubing
  3. Hydroaspirator
  4. Electric aspirator
  5. Hand pump
  6. Cavity injector
  7. Trocar button
  8. Nasal tube aspirator
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9
Q

standard instrument used in cavity embalming

A

trocar

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10
Q

hollow needle

A

trocar

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11
Q

standard adult trocar size

A

3/8” diameter

16” length

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12
Q

standard size of infant trocar

A

5/16” diameter

7” length

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13
Q

clear is recommended…attaches trocar to aspirator

A

tubing

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14
Q

one of which is required to produce suction needed for aspiration

A

Electric aspirator

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15
Q

Thomas Holmes – suitable for both aspiration and injection.

A

hand pump

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16
Q

threaded instrument, on side it has a carburetor.

A

cavity injector

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17
Q

used for closure of trocar insert

A

trocar button

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18
Q

curved shaped to better insert into the nose, can be used to aspirate through the mouth.

A

Nasal tube aspirator

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19
Q

To establish the nine region plan of the abdominal region: Extend_____ vertical lines upward from a point _______________________ and the _____________ and _____ horizontal lines, one at the __________________ and the other at the ______________________.

A

Two

Midway between the anterior superior iliac spine

Symphysis pubis

Two

Inferior margin of the 10th costal cartilage

Tubercles of the iliac crests

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20
Q

Upper regions:

A

Right hypochondriac

Epigastric

Left hypochondriac

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21
Q

Middle regions:

A

Right lumbar

Umbilical

Left lumbar

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22
Q

Lower region:

A

Right inguinal
Hypogastric
Left inguinal

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23
Q

Right hypochondriac is located…

A

(under the cartilage)

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24
Q

Epigastric is located…

A

(on top of stomach)

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25
Left hypochondriac is located...
(under the cartilage)
26
Right lumbar is located....
(right loin or lowerback) “love handle region”
27
Left lumbar is located...
(left loin or lowerback) “love handle region”
28
Right inguinal is located...
(right iliac region)
29
Hypogastric is located...
(under stomach/pubic region)
30
Left inguinal is located...
(left iliac region)
31
4 Organs in Right hypochondriac UPPER REGION
1. coils of small intestine 2. part of right kidney 3. part of liver 4. gall bladder
32
4 organs of Epigastric UPPER REGION
1. part of liver 2. duodenum 3. pancreas 4. stomach (cardiac & pyloric openings)
33
4 organs of Left Hypochondriac UPPER REGION
1. part of liver 2. spleen 3. part of left kidney 4. left colic splenic flexure (bend) (fundus & cardiac portion of stomach)
34
4 organs of the Right lumbar MIDDLE REGION
1. ascending colon 2. right colic (hepatic flexure) (bend) 3. lower liver 4. part of right kidney
35
3 organs of the umbilical MIDDLE REGION
1. transverse colon 2. part of both kidneys 3. part of small intestines
36
3 organs of the left lumbar MIDDLE REGION
1. descending colon 2. portions of left kidney 3. portions of small intestine
37
4 organs of Right inguinal LOWER REGION
1. cecum 2. part of small intestine 3. appendix 4. part of ascending colon
38
3 organs of hypogastric LOWER REGION
1. Uterus during pregnancy (Prostate Gland in Men) 2. Part of small intestine 3. Urinary bladder when distended
39
3 organs of the left inguinal LOWER REGIONq
1. sigmoid colon 2. part of small intestine 3. part of descending colon
40
to establish the abdominal regions QUADRANT METHOD a ____________ line is drawn through the _____________. A ___________ line is drawn down the _________ of the body.
Horizontal Umbilicus Vertical Midline
41
4 parts of the quadrant...
1. right upper 2. left upper 3. right lower 4. left lower
42
what quadrant is the cecum located in...
lower right quadrant
43
what quadrant is the stomach located in...
left upper quadrant
44
materials aspirated...
gases fluids semi-solids
45
The items listed below highlighted were not talked about in class...was on our notes... Lungs – blood, edema, purulent material, gases Stomach – hydrochloric acid, undigested food, blood, gases Small intestine – gases, blood undigested food Heart – blood Large intestine – gases, blood, fecal material Urinary Bladder- urine, blood
mmmmm
46
the following 4 organs have trocar guides:
1. stomach 2. cecum 3. urinary bladder 4. heart
47
common insertion point of the trocar
2 inches superior & | 2 inches to the left of umbilicus
48
trocar guide for stomach
trocar point toward intersection of 5th intercostal space & left mid-axillary line. continue until trocar enters stomach
49
trocar guide for cecum
trocar toward point 1/4 the distance from right anterior superior iliac spine to pubic symphsis. keep point of trocar close to abdominal wall until within 4 inches of right anterior superior iliac spine; dip trocar 2 inches insert forward.
50
trocar guide for urinary bladder
trocar toward intersection of median line & pubic bone (symphysis publis), keeping it toward surface until it touches pubic bone; withdraw it slightly (1/2 inch), dip point slightly & insert into urinary bladder.
51
trocar guide of heart (right side)
direct trocar along line from left anterior superior iliac spine to lobe of right ear; keep point close to abdominal wall until it pierces diaphragm, then dip point downward & into right side of heart.
52
what is the order of treatment when using trocar?
no specific order...proceed in orderly manner to ensure no areas are missed
53
Aspiration procedures –
1. make sure all organs are penetrated 2. several passages can be made through an organ (solid or hollow) 3. space between also aspirated 4. posterior portion of organs & cavities are aspirated
54
what type of fluid is ALWAYS used for cavity injection?
concentrated (undiluted)
55
the volume of cavity fluid is determined by the __________________
mass of tissue to be treated
56
two methods to inject undiluted cavity fluid
1. gravity injector | 2. machine injection
57
what method is used for phenol
machine injection
58
what method is used for regular fluid
gravity injector
59
when injecting the tip of the trocar should be kept close to the ___________________ This will allow the chemical to gravitate to all areas of the cavity.
top of the cavity wall
60
decomposition occurs quickly...using an ________ or _________ trocar. Insert the trocar into the ________ through the ______________ in the __________.
``` infant cranial nostril cribiform plate ethmoid bone ```
61
Inject _______ undiluted cavity fluid into the cranial cavity.
2 - 3 ounces
62
place massage cream on the face to prevent _________ & _________
discoloration | dehydration
63
after aspiration & injection, the ________ should be packed.
nose
64
conditions for cranial aspiration and injection...
1. any disease of brain 2. cerebral hemorrhage 3. gas within cranium 4. trauma
65
steps in reduction of distended neck by using a trocar
insert trocar at normal insertion point then direct tip into neck region. fluid should flow down into thoracic cavity. to help force fluid down neck can be massaged
66
when should reaspiration be performed (required)...
1. anytime there is gas formation (causes distention or purge) 2. prior to shipping a body 3. advanced decomp 4. obese cases 5. death from infectious disease 6. person with ascites
67
edema in the abdominal cavity
ascites
68
closures of the abdominal opening...
1. trocar button | 2. suture (purse string suture)
69
provides complete closure and is usually removed if further aspiration is necessary
trocar button
70
goes around the edge of the trocar incision. Offers a complete closure, stitches are made around the opening, with the loose ends pulled tightly when completed. A bow can be used to secure the suture when completed.
suture (purse string suture)
71
just below the skin a condition where there is an exceptional and noticeable amount of gas in the tissues prior to embalming. Caused by the rupture or puncture, or tearing the pleural sac of the lung. NO ODOR & USUALLY NO SIGNS OF DECOMP.
Ante Mortem subcutaneous emphysema
72
If the condition (Ante Mortem subcutaneous emphysema) is severe, try and remove some of the gas prior to _______
arterial embalming.....channel and/or lance the tissue, this will help to relieve the gases.
73
rule of thumb for normal amount of cavity fluid in infants
8 oz
74
on certain cases ____________ may be necessary
reinjection
75
what type of suture is normally used for colostomy closures?
purse string suture

difficult ones (14 decks)

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