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difficult ones > Embalming 3 Test 3 > Flashcards

Embalming 3 Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the second major procedure in the sanitation and temporary preservation of the dead human body.

The direct treatment other than arterial injection of the content of the body cavities and the lumina (plural for lumen) of the hollow viscera

A

Cavity embalming

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2
Q

Cavity embalming is achieved by:

A

aspiration

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3
Q

injection of a proper amount of a suitable chemical (undiluted cavity fluid)

A

aspiration

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4
Q

how much cavity fluid in normal adult & location?

A

1 bottle (16oz) in thoracic cavity

1 bottle (16oz) in abdominal/intestinal cavity

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5
Q

Purpose of cavity embalming (2)

A
  1. supplement vascular embalming, by direct treatment of contents of hollow viscera & area between organs
  2. reduce putrefactive changes caused by areas not receiving arterial fluid
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6
Q

when is cavity embalming performed?

A
  1. immediately after vascular injection

2. wait a period of time (hour or longer)

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7
Q

this is the MOST COMMON time to perform cavity embalming

A

immediately after vascular injection, to prevent gas formation & decomp

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8
Q

Instruments & equipment required for cavity embalming (8)…

A
  1. Trocar
  2. Tubing
  3. Hydroaspirator
  4. Electric aspirator
  5. Hand pump
  6. Cavity injector
  7. Trocar button
  8. Nasal tube aspirator
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9
Q

standard instrument used in cavity embalming

A

trocar

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10
Q

hollow needle

A

trocar

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11
Q

standard adult trocar size

A

3/8” diameter

16” length

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12
Q

standard size of infant trocar

A

5/16” diameter

7” length

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13
Q

clear is recommended…attaches trocar to aspirator

A

tubing

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14
Q

one of which is required to produce suction needed for aspiration

A

Electric aspirator

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15
Q

Thomas Holmes – suitable for both aspiration and injection.

A

hand pump

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16
Q

threaded instrument, on side it has a carburetor.

A

cavity injector

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17
Q

used for closure of trocar insert

A

trocar button

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18
Q

curved shaped to better insert into the nose, can be used to aspirate through the mouth.

A

Nasal tube aspirator

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19
Q

To establish the nine region plan of the abdominal region: Extend_____ vertical lines upward from a point _______________________ and the _____________ and _____ horizontal lines, one at the __________________ and the other at the ______________________.

A

Two

Midway between the anterior superior iliac spine

Symphysis pubis

Two

Inferior margin of the 10th costal cartilage

Tubercles of the iliac crests

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20
Q

Upper regions:

A

Right hypochondriac

Epigastric

Left hypochondriac

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21
Q

Middle regions:

A

Right lumbar

Umbilical

Left lumbar

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22
Q

Lower region:

A

Right inguinal
Hypogastric
Left inguinal

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23
Q

Right hypochondriac is located…

A

(under the cartilage)

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24
Q

Epigastric is located…

A

(on top of stomach)

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25
Q

Left hypochondriac is located…

A

(under the cartilage)

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26
Q

Right lumbar is located….

A

(right loin or lowerback) “love handle region”

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27
Q

Left lumbar is located…

A

(left loin or lowerback) “love handle region”

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28
Q

Right inguinal is located…

A

(right iliac region)

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29
Q

Hypogastric is located…

A

(under stomach/pubic region)

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30
Q

Left inguinal is located…

A

(left iliac region)

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31
Q

4 Organs in Right hypochondriac UPPER REGION

A
  1. coils of small intestine
  2. part of right kidney
  3. part of liver
  4. gall bladder
32
Q

4 organs of Epigastric UPPER REGION

A
  1. part of liver
  2. duodenum
  3. pancreas
  4. stomach
    (cardiac & pyloric openings)
33
Q

4 organs of Left Hypochondriac UPPER REGION

A
  1. part of liver
  2. spleen
  3. part of left kidney
  4. left colic splenic flexure (bend)
    (fundus & cardiac portion of stomach)
34
Q

4 organs of the Right lumbar MIDDLE REGION

A
  1. ascending colon
  2. right colic (hepatic flexure) (bend)
  3. lower liver
  4. part of right kidney
35
Q

3 organs of the umbilical MIDDLE REGION

A
  1. transverse colon
  2. part of both kidneys
  3. part of small intestines
36
Q

3 organs of the left lumbar MIDDLE REGION

A
  1. descending colon
  2. portions of left kidney
  3. portions of small intestine
37
Q

4 organs of Right inguinal LOWER REGION

A
  1. cecum
  2. part of small intestine
  3. appendix
  4. part of ascending colon
38
Q

3 organs of hypogastric LOWER REGION

A
  1. Uterus during pregnancy (Prostate Gland in Men)
  2. Part of small intestine
  3. Urinary bladder when distended
39
Q

3 organs of the left inguinal LOWER REGIONq

A
  1. sigmoid colon
  2. part of small intestine
  3. part of descending colon
40
Q

to establish the abdominal regions QUADRANT METHOD a ____________ line is drawn through the _____________.
A ___________ line is drawn down the _________ of the body.

A

Horizontal
Umbilicus
Vertical
Midline

41
Q

4 parts of the quadrant…

A
  1. right upper
  2. left upper
  3. right lower
  4. left lower
42
Q

what quadrant is the cecum located in…

A

lower right quadrant

43
Q

what quadrant is the stomach located in…

A

left upper quadrant

44
Q

materials aspirated…

A

gases
fluids
semi-solids

45
Q

The items listed below highlighted were not talked about in class…was on our notes…
Lungs – blood, edema, purulent material, gases
Stomach – hydrochloric acid, undigested food, blood, gases
Small intestine – gases, blood undigested food
Heart – blood
Large intestine – gases, blood, fecal material
Urinary Bladder- urine, blood

A

mmmmm

46
Q

the following 4 organs have trocar guides:

A
  1. stomach
  2. cecum
  3. urinary bladder
  4. heart
47
Q

common insertion point of the trocar

A

2 inches superior &

2 inches to the left of umbilicus

48
Q

trocar guide for stomach

A

trocar point toward intersection of 5th intercostal space & left mid-axillary line.
continue until trocar enters stomach

49
Q

trocar guide for cecum

A

trocar toward point 1/4 the distance from right anterior superior iliac spine to pubic symphsis.
keep point of trocar close to abdominal wall until within 4 inches of right anterior superior iliac spine; dip trocar 2 inches insert forward.

50
Q

trocar guide for urinary bladder

A

trocar toward intersection of median line & pubic bone (symphysis publis), keeping it toward surface until it touches pubic bone; withdraw it slightly (1/2 inch), dip point slightly & insert into urinary bladder.

51
Q

trocar guide of heart (right side)

A

direct trocar along line from left anterior superior iliac spine to lobe of right ear; keep point close to abdominal wall until it pierces diaphragm, then dip point downward & into right side of heart.

52
Q

what is the order of treatment when using trocar?

A

no specific order…proceed in orderly manner to ensure no areas are missed

53
Q

Aspiration procedures –

A
  1. make sure all organs are penetrated
  2. several passages can be made through an organ (solid or hollow)
  3. space between also aspirated
  4. posterior portion of organs & cavities are aspirated
54
Q

what type of fluid is ALWAYS used for cavity injection?

A

concentrated (undiluted)

55
Q

the volume of cavity fluid is determined by the __________________

A

mass of tissue to be treated

56
Q

two methods to inject undiluted cavity fluid

A
  1. gravity injector

2. machine injection

57
Q

what method is used for phenol

A

machine injection

58
Q

what method is used for regular fluid

A

gravity injector

59
Q

when injecting the tip of the trocar should be kept close to the ___________________
This will allow the chemical to gravitate to all areas of the cavity.

A

top of the cavity wall

60
Q

decomposition occurs quickly…using an ________ or _________ trocar. Insert the trocar into the ________ through the ______________ in the __________.

A 
infant
cranial
nostril
cribiform plate
ethmoid bone
61
Q

Inject _______ undiluted cavity fluid into the cranial cavity.

A

2 - 3 ounces

62
Q

place massage cream on the face to prevent _________ & _________

A

discoloration

dehydration

63
Q

after aspiration & injection, the ________ should be packed.

A

nose

64
Q

conditions for cranial aspiration and injection…

A
  1. any disease of brain
  2. cerebral hemorrhage
  3. gas within cranium
  4. trauma
65
Q

steps in reduction of distended neck by using a trocar

A

insert trocar at normal insertion point then direct tip into neck region.
fluid should flow down into thoracic cavity.
to help force fluid down neck can be massaged

66
Q

when should reaspiration be performed (required)…

A
  1. anytime there is gas formation (causes distention or purge)
  2. prior to shipping a body
  3. advanced decomp
  4. obese cases
  5. death from infectious disease
  6. person with ascites
67
Q

edema in the abdominal cavity

A

ascites

68
Q

closures of the abdominal opening…

A
  1. trocar button

2. suture (purse string suture)

69
Q

provides complete closure and is usually removed if further aspiration is necessary

A

trocar button

70
Q

goes around the edge of the trocar incision. Offers a complete closure, stitches are made around the opening, with the loose ends pulled tightly when completed. A bow can be used to secure the suture when completed.

A

suture (purse string suture)

71
Q

just below the skin a condition where there is an exceptional and noticeable amount of gas in the tissues prior to embalming. Caused by the rupture or puncture, or tearing the pleural sac of the lung. NO ODOR & USUALLY NO SIGNS OF DECOMP.

A

Ante Mortem subcutaneous emphysema

72
Q

If the condition (Ante Mortem subcutaneous emphysema) is severe, try and remove some of the gas prior to _______

A

arterial embalming…..channel and/or lance the tissue, this will help to relieve the gases.

73
Q

rule of thumb for normal amount of cavity fluid in infants

A

8 oz

74
Q

on certain cases ____________ may be necessary

A

reinjection

75
Q

what type of suture is normally used for colostomy closures?

A

purse string suture

difficult ones (14 decks)

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