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difficult ones > Chemistry Test 4 > Flashcards

Chemistry Test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

alcohol derived of hydrogen

A

Aldehydes

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2
Q

function group of aldehydes

A

carbonyl

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3
Q

a double bond off an end carbon

A

carbonyl

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4
Q

a partial oxidation of a primary alcohol will form….

A

aldehyde

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5
Q

general formula of aldehyde

A

R-CHO

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6
Q

common name of methanol is…

A

formaldehyde

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7
Q

IUPAC of formaldehyde

A

Methanal

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8
Q

line formula of formaldehyde AKA methanal

A

HCHO

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9
Q

preparation of methanal

A

partial oxidation of a primary alcohol

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10
Q

properties of methanal

A
  1. colorless gas
  2. irritating odor (pungent)
  3. soluble in water
  4. oxidized to formic acid & methanoic acid
  5. polymerization
  6. neutralization w/ ammonia forming a salt (urotropin)
  7. index
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11
Q

when methanol is oxidized it turns to

A 
Formic acid (common name)
Methanoic acid (IUPAC)
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12
Q

is the ability of a substance to form long chains of the same basic chemical unit.

A

Polymerization

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13
Q

When polymerization happens to formaldehyde it converts itself from natural gaseous state to the solid white state, which is known as _________________.

A

paraformaldehyde

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14
Q

Neutralization with ammonia (NH3) forming a salt

A

urotropin

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15
Q

number of grams of formaldehyde gas dissolved in a 100ml of solution. expressed as a whole number.

A

index

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16
Q

lowest index number…

A

8…. jaundice

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17
Q

highest index number….

A

36

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18
Q

uses of formaldehyede

A
  1. disinfectant

2. preservative

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19
Q

inhibit decomposition, destroy odor, and eliminate their formation and inactivate enzymes.

A

preservative

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20
Q

agueous- water mixture of formaldehyde gas and water.

A

formalin

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21
Q

saturation point of formaldehyde in water is…

A

37% by weight

40% by volume

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22
Q

2nd member of the aldehyde family

A

ethanol (IUPAC)

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23
Q

common name for ethanal

A

acetaldehyde

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24
Q

3rd member of the aldehyde family

A

benzaldehyde (common name)

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25
Q

benzaldehyde is what type of agent?

A

perfuming

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26
Q

organic compounds that contain TWO carbonal groups. Of those two at least ONE has to be located on an end carbon.

A

Dialdehydes

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27
Q

2 dialdehydes

ONLY COMMON NAMES ARE NEEDED FOR THIS QUESTION

A

glyoxal

glutaraldehyde

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28
Q

Organic compounds who’s functional group or groups (carbonyl) is/are all attached to non-end carbons.

A

ketones

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29
Q

organic compounds that are always formed by the partial oxidation of a secondary alcohol

A

ketones

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30
Q

general formula of ketones

A

R-CO-R(prime)

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31
Q

IUPAC of Glyoxal

A

ethanedial

32
Q

IUPAC of gluteraldehyde

A

1,5-pentanedial

33
Q

a better disinfectant but not as good as preservative- larger molecule.
most common aldehyde

A

gluteraldehyde

34
Q

suffix ending of a ketone

A

ONE

35
Q

IUPAC of a type of ketone

A

propanone

36
Q

common names of propanone (SOLVENT)

A

dimethyl ketone, acetone, nail polish remover

37
Q

carboxylic acids is also known as…

A

organic acids

38
Q

based on the element carbon….organic compounds that contain the carboxyl group off an end carbon.

A

carboxylic acids (organic acids)

39
Q

general formula of carboxylic acids (organic acids)

A

R-COOH (carboxyl)

40
Q

2 IUPAC names for a type of carboxylic acid (organic acids)

A

Methanoic acid

Ethanoic acid

41
Q

common name for methanoic acid

A

formic acid

42
Q

common name for ethanoic acid

A

acetic acid

43
Q

active ingredient in vinegar

A

ethanoic acid (acetic acid)

44
Q

active ingredient in fire ant bites or bee stings

A

methanoic acid (formic acid)

45
Q

a family of organic compounds formed in reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid.

A

Esters

46
Q

general formula for Esters

A

R-COO-R (prime)

47
Q

suffix ending of all esters is…

A

ATE

48
Q

IUPAC name of a type of esters

A

methyl salicylate

49
Q

common name for methyl salicylate

A

oil of wintergreen

50
Q

masking or perfuming agents especially in fumeless or odorless cavity fluids

A

methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen)

51
Q

a new class or family of organic compound formed by the reaction between two alcohols.

A

Ethers

52
Q

general formula for ethers

A

R-O-R (prime)

53
Q

suffix ending of ethers is…

A

ether

54
Q

IUPAC name for a type or Ethers

A

diethyl ether

55
Q

common name for diethyl ether

A

ether

56
Q

formerly used as an anesthetic in surgery

A

diethyl ether (ether)

57
Q

the first family or class of organic compounds which introduce the presence of the element nitrogen into the makeup of the organic compound. Compounds formed from ammonia by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with organic radicals

A

amines

58
Q

all amines must have the presence of one ______ of _____

A

atom

nitrogen

59
Q

general formula of Amines

A

R-NH2 (primary)

60
Q

the IUPAC suffix ending of all amines will be…

A

INE

61
Q

Properties of amines (3)

A
  1. alkaline in solution (pH above 7)
  2. disagreeable odor
  3. decomposition products of protein
62
Q

functional group of amines is _______ and is represented by ______

A

amino

NH2

63
Q

IUPAC names of types of amines

A
  1. putrecine

2. cadaverine

64
Q

Reaction with formaldehyde will be neutralized by _________. Needs more of a demand for _______________.

A

amines

formaldehyde

65
Q

METHYL AMINE is a type of ——-

A

amine

66
Q

Surface active agents used for disinfection of the skin, oral cavities, and instruments

A

quaternary ammonium compounds (Quats)

67
Q

examples of quaternary ammonium compounds

A

benzalkonium chloride

zephiron chloride

68
Q

Organic compounds formed by the neutralization of an organic acid with ammonia. Compounds derived from ammonia by substituting a carbonyl group for hydrogen.

A

amides

69
Q

general formula for amides

A

R-CONH-R (conner)

70
Q

IUPAC suffice of amides is

A

ide

71
Q

name of an amide

A

diethyl formamide

urea

72
Q

amide that is used as a solvent…it is a hazardous chemical

A

diethyl formamide

73
Q

common name for a member of the amides

A

urea

74
Q

Organic compounds similar to alcohol, in which the oxygen of the hydroxyl group has been replaced by sulfur.

A

thioalcohols (mercaptans)

75
Q

general formula for thioalcohol (mercaptan)

A

R-SH

76
Q

FUNCTIONAL GROUP of thioalcohol (mercaptan)

A

sulfhydral

difficult ones (14 decks)

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