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chemistry final Flashcards

1
Q

any substance that imperils (hurts) health or life when absorbed into the body.

A

poison

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2
Q

a poisonous substance produced by higher plants, animals, or bacteria that is toxic (poisonous) to humans

A

toxin

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3
Q

types of toxins…

A

Exotoxin

Endotoxin

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4
Q

example of exotoxin

A

tetanus/cholera

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5
Q

example of endotoxin

A

meningitis

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6
Q

amount of a poison or radiation that will kill 50% of the group to which it has been administered.

A

LD-50

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7
Q

LD-50 means…

A

lethal dose 50%

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8
Q

smallest dose of a poison or radiation on record that produces death.

A

MLD

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9
Q

MLD means…

A

minimum lethal dose

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10
Q

ketone family used as an external solvent, lip tent, and primarily as a solvent in embalming fluid.

A

acetone

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11
Q

methanol - formaldehyde - vehicle in formaldehyde.

A

alcohol

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12
Q

an alkane having one or one of the hydrogen atoms replaced with a halogen family element.

A

Alkylhalides

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13
Q

dark red powder used as an internal cosmetic dye in embalming fluid.

A

Amaranth

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14
Q

white crystal solid, used as a herbacide, cavity fluid

A

Amitrole

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15
Q

used as a disinfectant and to neuturalize formaldehyde.

A

Ammonia

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16
Q

NH3 stands for…

A

ammonia

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17
Q

name from tree which it derives, used as solvents, used in embalming fluids

A

Camphor

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18
Q

a derivative of coal tar. It is used primarily as a disinfectant in embalming fluids.

A

Cresol

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19
Q

cresol is also called..

A

lysol

20
Q

a light brown powder…it is a fungicidal and bacteriocidal.

A

dichlorophene

21
Q

colorless liquid, used as a humectant in embalming fluids.

A

Diethanol amine

22
Q

substance used as a solvent.

A

Diethylformanide

23
Q

sealing lacquers, cavity fluids, and disinfectant.

A

Ethyl acetate

24
Q

pre-injection and coinjection chemical. Used as buffer or anticoagulant

A

EDTA

25
Q

EDTA is also called…

A

sodium salts

26
Q

preservative in embalming fluids.

A

Formaldehyde

27
Q

the natural free state of formaldehyde is….

A

gas

28
Q

used as a bleaching agent. METHANOIC ACID is IUPAC name. Functional group is Carboxyl

A

formic acid

29
Q

used as a preservative or supplementary germicide. A better disinfectant.

A

Glutaraldehyde

30
Q

an accessory in cavity and arterial fluids. Used as a humectant in embalming fluids. Diehydroxy

A

glycols

31
Q

household bleach, used to bleach and disinfect.

A

Hypochlorites

32
Q

liquid used as an aerosol propellant.

A

Isobutane

33
Q

used as a solvent, cosmetic spray.

A

Methyl ethyl ketone

34
Q

a family of petroleum solvents. turpentine - liquid cosmetics… can clean brushes with this

A

Mineral spirits

35
Q

tissue builders for emaciated and dehydrated cases. Used in sealing lacquer.

A

Nitrocellulose

36
Q

Used in supplementary embalming chemicals and gels and insecticides.

A

Orthodichlorobenzene

37
Q

colorless solid used as a stripping agent. used as an embalming adhesive gel.

A

Oxalic acid

38
Q

mothballs - used as a preservative powder.

A

Paradichlorobenzene

39
Q

solid form of formaldehyde used in preservative powders.

A

Paraformaldehyde

40
Q

used as cauterizer to prevent leakage and as a bleaching agent.

A

Phenol (carbolic acid)/phenolic compounds

41
Q

phenol is a great…

A

preservative

42
Q

hardening agent in hardening compounds. used in embalming powders (hardening compound) as the primary hardening agent.

A

Plaster of Paris

43
Q

used in aerosols as a propellant.

A

propane

44
Q

used primarily in finishing powders for make up - white or brown.

A

quartz

45
Q

supplementary germicides. Chemicals added to enhance the disinfectant qualities of chemicals.

A

Quaternary ammonium compounds

46
Q

used in drying powders - baby powder.

A

talc

47
Q

aromatic compound used as an external sealer and solvent.

A

toluene

difficult ones (14 decks)

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