Respiratory System - Dry Room St. 1 and 2 Flashcards
Thoracic wall dimensions?
- Sternum anteriorly
- Vertebrae T1-T12 posteriorly
- Ribs 1 - 12 laterally
What bone articulates the manubrium at its superolateral angles?
- Clavicle
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
Saddle
What is the name of the notch formed by the superior border of the sternum?
- Jugular notch
Vertebral level of Xiphoid process?
T9 - T10
Vertebral level of sternomanubrial joint?
T4 - T5
What components of the sternum does the facets of the 2nd costal cartilage articulate with?
- Sternomanubrial joint in costal notch 2
Label the diagram
Going top to bottom
- Jugular notch
- Sternoclavicular notches
- Manubrium
- Sternomanubrial joint
- Body of sternum
- Xiphoid process
Identify the labelled parts
Which thoracic vertebral structure does the tubercle of the rib articulate?
- Costotransverse joint (articular facet)
Which structures lie in the costal groove?
- Intercostal vessels (vein superior to artery)
- Intercostal nerve (artery superior to nerve)
Which ribs are true ribs?
1 - 7
Which ribs are false ribs?
8 - 10
Which ribs are floating ribs?
11 and 12
What is special about the 1st rib?
- Short and wide
- Articulates with only 1 vertebra
- Has scalene tubercle
- Contains groove for subclavian vein and artery
Identify labels
- Head
- Neck
- Tubercle
- Subclavian artery groove
- Scalenus
- Subclavian vein groove
What shape and size is the body of a typical thoracic vertebra?
- Round
- Intermediately sized
What part of the rib articulates with the demi facets on the vertebral body?
- Head
- Neck
What structures pass through the vertebral foramen?
- Spinal cord
- All meninges
What neural structure occupies the intervertebral notch?
- Spinal efferent nerves
What part of the rib articulates with the articular facet on the tip of the transverse process?
- Tubercle
Describe the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae?
- Long
- Slender
- Sloped downwards
- Non bifid
Which two parts of the vertebra form the neural arch?
- Pedicle
- Lamina
What can a rib fracture commonly lead to?
Pneumothorax
What is the thorax bound by superiorly and inferiorly?
Superior = thoracic inlet
Inferior = thoracic outlet
Which bones form the bondaries of the thoracic inlet?
- T1 posteriorly
- Ribs 1 laterally
- Manubrium
- 1st Costal cartilages
Which bones and costal cartilages form the boundary of the thoracic outlet?
- Xiphoid process
- Rib 11 and 12
- Costal cartilage 7-10
- T11 and 12
Which ribs/costal cartilages form the costal margin (subcostal angle)?
- Sternum
- Xiphoid
- Ribs 6 - 8
Which costal cartilages are directly attached to the sternum?
1 - 7
Which costal cartilages are indirectly attached to the sternum through attachment to previous costal cartilages?
8 - 10
What do clinicians call the thoracic inlet?
- Thoracic outlet
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
- When the brachial plexus/subclavian artery and vein become compressed by pancoast tumours
Which muscle is primarily used for breathing in infants?
- Diaphragm
