Cardiovascular System - Dry Room St. 3 and 4 Flashcards
Where does beginning and termination of the aortic arch occur?
T4
What vertebral level does bifurcation of the abdominal aorta occur at?
L4
What vertebral level do the common iliac arteries bifurcate at?
L5
What are the first arteries to come off the ascending aorta?
- R&L coronary arteries at the coronary ostia
What are the three large vessels that come off the aorta next to the trachea?
- Brachiocephalic
- Left common carotid
- Left subclavian
What are the branches of the descending thoracic aorta?
- Bronchial arteries
- Mediastinal arteries
- Oesophageal arteries
- Posterior intercostal arteries (ONLY ONES IDENTIFIABLE ON SPECIMEN)
Where do the common iliac arteries arise and lie?
L4 - L5
Lie in iliac fossae
Where do the external iliac arteries arise and what do they become?
Arise at L5
Become the femaral arteries
Where do the internal iliac arteries arise and what do they supply?
L5
Supply the pelvic viscera
What is the name of branches that lead into veins?
Tributaries (like tributary valley)
Where does the superior vena cava lie in relation to the aorta in the thorax?
- The the right
- Anterior
What are the two main tributaries, and the other tributary to the SVC?
- Left and right brachiocephalic veins
- Azygos vein
What are the two main tributaries to the IVC?
L&R common iliac veins
Where does the azygos vein system drain blood from?
- Posterior intercostal veins
- Posterior abdomen and thorax
What does the hemiazygos vein system drain?
- Posterior intercostal veins
- Left subcostal vein
Where does the azygos vein lie in relation to the aorta in the thorax?
- Immediately to the right
What part of the azygos system drains the left intercostal veins and where does it eventually drain into?
- The hemiazygos venous system
- Drains into the azygos vein
Which part of the spinal nerve are the intercostal nerves formed from?
- Ventral ramus
Which anterior chest wall arteries arise from the internal thoracic artery?
- Musculophrenic arteries
- Superior epigastric arteries
Which side of the chest wall drains lymph into the thoracic duct?
- Left
- Lymphatics from the right upper quadrant flow into the right upper lymphatic duct
Which artery does the internal thoracic artery come off?
- Inferior region of the subclavicular
Identify vessels
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
18.
20.
- Carotid arteries
- Right subclavian
- Left subclavian
- Brachiocephalic
- Posterior intercostal arteries
- Internal thoracic artery
- Descending aorta
Where is the thoracic duct located in relation to other structures in the thorax?
- Next to the vertebrae
- Between the azygos vein and descending aorta
- On the right side of the chest wall
NOTE on the cross section the duct is on the left because it crosses over at T4 (we are above T4 as the aortic arch is visible)
At what vertebral level does the thoracic duct commence and at what structure?
- L1
- Cisterni Chyli
