Respiratory System At Rest

Question 1

What is pulmonary ventilation?

Answer 1

The process of breathing in and out.

Question 2

What is meant by gaseous exchange?

Answer 2

The movement of oxygen/carbon dioxide at the lungs/muscles by the process of diffusion.

Question 3

What is diffusion?

Answer 3

The movement of the gases from an area of high partial pressure from an area of high partial pressure to an area of low partial pressure down a concentration gradient.

Question 4

What is a diffusion gradient?

Answer 4

The difference between an area of high partial pressure and an area of low pp.

Question 5

What is partial pressure?

Answer 5

The pressure gas exerts within a mixture of gases.

Question 6

What is breathing frequency?

Answer 6

the number of breaths you take per minute (bpm) breaths per minute.

Question 7

What is breathing frequency?

Answer 7

the number of breaths you take per minute (bpm) breaths per minute

Question 8

What is tidal volume?

Answer 8

The volume of air inspire or expired per breath.

Question 9

What is minute ventilation?

Answer 9

The volume of air inspired or expired per minute.

Question 10

what is the equation for minute ventilation?

Answer 10

ME = F x TV

Minute ventilation = breathing frequency x tidal volume

Question 11

What is the anatomy of the respiratory system in order?

Answer 11

1. Nose
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
   Trachea
4. Bronchi
5. Bronchioles
6. Alveoli

Question 12

Explain the mechanics of breathing for inspiration? (5)

Answer 12

1. Diaphragm contracts and flattens and external; intercostals contract.
2. Rib cage moves up and out.
3. Volume inside lungs increases.
4. Pressure in lungs decreases.
5. Air moves into the lungs.

Question 13

Explain the mechanics of breathing for expiration? (5)

Answer 13

1. Diaphragm relaxes and returns to a dome shape and external intercostals relax.
2. Rib cage moves down and in.
3. Volume inside lungs decreases.
4. Pressure in lungs increases.
5. Air moves out of the lungs.

Question 14

What is external respiration?

Answer 14

1. Between the alveoli and the blood.
2. Higher PPO2 in alveoli than blood- diffuses down conc^ grad into blood.
3. Higher PPCO2 in blood than alveoli - diffuses down conc^ grad into alveoli.

Question 15

What is internal respiration?

Answer 15

1. Between blood and muscles.
2. Higher PPO2 in blood than muscles - diffuses down conc^ grad into the muscles.
3. Higher PPO2 in muscles than blood - diffuses down conc^ grad into blood.

Question 16

What is the value for breathing frequency for a trained and untrained athlete?

Answer 16

Untrained= 12 breaths per minute.
Trained = 10 breaths per minute.

Question 17

What is the tidal volume for a trained and untrained athlete?

Answer 17

Untrained= 500ml.
Trained = 500ml.

Question 18

What is the minute ventilation for an untrained and trained athlete?

Answer 18

Untrained= 6l/m.
Trained = 5l/m.