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Anatomy > Respiratory System (anatomy) > Flashcards

Respiratory System (anatomy) Flashcards

1
Q

Name parts of the upper respiratory tract ?

A

Nasal cavity
Nostril
Oral cavity
Pharynx
Larynx

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2
Q

Name parts of the lower respiratory tract ?

A

Trachea
Bronchi
Right/ left bronchus
Right / left lung
Diaphragm

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3
Q

What does the upper airway consist of ?

A

Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Larynx
Oesophagus
Trachea

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4
Q

What functions do the airways serve in the upper respiratory tract ?

A

Filter
Warm
Humidify

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5
Q

What functions do the airways serve in the lower respiratory tract?

A

Air condition
Gas exchange

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6
Q

Whats the respiratory tree ?

A

A complex branched network of tubes that decrease in diameter at each level

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7
Q

At what level does the trachea divide into left and right primary bronchi ?

A

At the sternal angle

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8
Q

When does the primary bronchi divide into secondary bronchi ?

A

Inside the lung

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9
Q

What does the secondary bronchi branch turn into ?

A

Tertiary bronchi

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10
Q

What does the tertiary brach turn into ?

A

Bronchioles

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11
Q

What do bronchioles branch into ?

A

Terminal bronchioles

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12
Q

What do terminal bronchioles branch into ?

A

Respiratory bronchioles

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13
Q

What do respiratory bronchioles branch into ?

A

Alveolar ducts

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14
Q

Where do alveolar ducts end?

A

Alveoli

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15
Q

How is the alveolar sac formed ?

A

By several alveoli clump together to form the sac

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16
Q

How long is the trachea ?

A

12 cm long

17
Q

What’s the shape of the trachea ?

A

C shaped cartilage ring

18
Q

What’s the trachea muscle called ?

A

Trachealis muscle posteriol (involuntary)

19
Q

Whats the trachea anterior to ?

A

Oesophagus

20
Q

What are the airways within the thoracic cavity ?

A

Trachea
Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Tertiary bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli

21
Q

What are the 7 structures of the lung hilum?

A

Primary bronchus
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Bronchial artery
Bronchial vein
Nerves
Lymphatic

22
Q

What is the most posterior structure in the lung hilum ?

A

Bronchi

23
Q

What does bronchi contain ?

A

Cartilage in their walls

24
Q

What do the pulmonary arteries convey ?

A

Deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
They are the more superior of the blood vessels in the hilum.

25
Q

Whats do pulmonary veins convey?

A

Oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart from distribution around the body.
They are the more inferior of the blood vessels in the hilum.

26
Q

What the process of pulmonary circulation ?

A

Deoxygenated blood in the right ventricle - pulmonary trunk - left and right pulmonary arteries - to lungs in lung root - oxygenated blood in the lungs passes to 4 pulmonary veins - 2 pulmonary veins leave lungs at each lung root - 4 pulmonary veins enter left atrium of heart.

27
Q

Whats the thoracic cavity?

A

A space inside the thorax that contains the heart, lungs and other organs and tissues.

28
Q

Whats the function of pleura ?

A

Provide protection and smooth lubricating elastic surface for the lungs to move during breathing

29
Q

What is pleura ?

A

A thin watery tissue (membrane) that lines the walls of the chest (thorax) and warps around the outside of your lungs.

30
Q

What are the 3 layers of pleura ?

A

Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Pleural cavity

31
Q

What is visceral pleura ?

A

Thin slippery membrane that covers the surface of the lungs and dips into the surface areas se[erting the different lobes of the lungs (hilum).

32
Q

What is parietal pleura ?

A

Outer membrane that lines the inner chest wall and diaphragm.

33
Q

What is the pleural cavity ( also known as intraplaural space)?

A

Contains pleural fluids secreted by the mesothelial cells. The fluid allows the Ayer to guide over each other as the lungs inflate and deflate during respiration (breathing).

34
Q

What are the inferior margins of the lungs in quiet respiration?

A

Rib 6 in midclavicular line
Rib 8 in midaxillary line
Vertebra T10 posteriorly

Anatomy (6 decks)

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