Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Gastrointetsinal System (anatomy) > Flashcards

Gastrointetsinal System (anatomy) Flashcards

1
Q

What organs are apart of the GI tract ?

A

Oesophagus
Liver
Stomach
Duodenum
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Jejunum
Ileum
Descending colon
Cecum
Appendix
Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s the function of digestion ?

A

Gastric acid
Bile
Pancreatic juices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the function of mechanical breakdown and propulsion ?

A

Peristalsis
Segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s the function of absorption ?

A

Nutrients
Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 sections of the gut tube?

A

Foregut

Midgut

Hindgut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Whats organs are apart of the foregut ?

A

Oesophagus
Stomach
Proximal half duodenum
Liver
Pancreas
Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the oesophagus begin ?

A

Begins at inferior end of pharynx.
Through diaphragm T10.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are 3 main constrictions of the oesophagus ?

A

Origin.
Crosses by arch of aorta and left bronchus.
Through diaphragm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 layers of the oesophagus ?

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the mucosa ?

A

Inner layer.
It is moist to help find pass smoothly into the stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the submucosa?

A

Contains glands that produce mucus (secretions). Keeps the oesophagus moist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the muscularis?

A

Muscle layer.
Pushes food down into the stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the adventitia?

A

Outer layer.
Attaches the oesophagus to nearby parts of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the transpyloric plane ?

A

Is an axial plane located midway between the jugular notch and supeuro border of pubic symphsis.
At the level of L1 vertebral body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is peritoneal ?

A

The tissue that lines abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in the abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What organs are peritoneal ?

A

Stomach
First part of duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Liver
Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What’s retroperitoneal ?

A

The area in the back of the abdomen behind the peritoneum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What organ are retroperitoneum?

A

Adrenal glands
Aorta
Kidneys
Oesophagus
Ureters
Pancreas
Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is intraperitoneal ?

A

Within the peritoneal cavity (area that contains the abdominal organs ).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What organs are intrperitoneal ?

A

Jejunum
Ileum
Transverse colon
And sigmoid colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is peritoneum ?

A

Is a continuous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs (abdominal viscera).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What the structure of peritoneum?

A

Consists of 2 layers:
Parietal peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum
that are continuous with each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is parietal peritoneum ?

A

Is a serous membrane covering the inner surface of the abdominopelvic cavity.
Including anterior and posterior walls of the abdomen.
Inferior surface of the diaphragm and the walls and floor of the pelvic cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is visceral peritoneum ?

A

Invaginates to cover the majority of the abdominal viscera.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity ?

A

Potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum. Contains a small amount if lubricating fluid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is mesentery?

A

Is a double layer of viscera peritoneum.
Connects an intraperitoneal organ to the posterior abdominal wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is omentum?

A

Are sheets of visceral peritoneum that extend from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to other abdominal organs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Whats the greater omentum?

A

Consists of 4 layers of visceral peritoneum.
It descends from the greater curvature of the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum. Then folds back up and at this to the anterior surface of the transverse colon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What’s the lesser omentum ?

A

Is a double layer of visceral peritoneum and is considerably smaller than the greater and attaches from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the proximal parts of the duodenum.

30
Q

What organ is the duodenum ?

A

Retroperitoneal organ (covered by parietal peritoneum)

31
Q

What are the 4 parts of the duodenum ?

A

Superior
Descending
Transverse
Ascending

32
Q

What is the superior part of the duodenum?

A

A continuation from the pyloras to the transpyloric plane.

33
Q

What vertebral level is the superior part of the duodenum ?

A

Vertebral level of L1.

34
Q

What vertebral level is the descending part of the duodenum?

A

Vertebral level at L2 and L3.

35
Q

What vertebral level is the transverse part of the duodenum ?

A

Vertebral level L3

36
Q

What vertebral level is the ascending part of the duodenum?

A

Vertebral level at L2

37
Q

What organs are apart of the midgut ?

A

Distal half duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Caecum
Ascending colon
Proximal 2/3rds transverse colon

38
Q

What organ is the jejunum and ileum ?

A

Intraperitoneal structures attached to posterior abdominal wall by the mesentery.

39
Q

What are the component parts of the large intestines ?

A

Cancun
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal

40
Q

What does the appendix attach to ?

A

The Caecum

41
Q

Where does the ascending colon terminate?

A

Terminates at the hepatic/ right colic flexture.

42
Q

What structure (peritoneum) is the ascending colon?

A

Retroperitoneal

43
Q

Where does the transverse colon terminate?

A

Terminates at the splenic/left colic flexure

44
Q

What structure (peritoneum) is the descending colon?

A

Retroperitoneal

45
Q

What’s the haustra in the large intestines ?

A

Small pouches caused by sacculation which gives the colon its segmented appearance.

46
Q

What the Taenia coli in the large intestines?

A

Runs the length of the large intestines

47
Q

What’s the omental appendages in the large intestines ?

A

Small pouches of the peritoneum filled with fat and situated along the colon but are absent in the rectum.

48
Q

What organs are apart of the hindgut?

A

Distal 1/3rd of transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anal canal

49
Q

What is the rectum and anal canal continuous with ?

A

Continuous with sigmoid colon at s3.
Continuous with anal canal at time of coccyx.

50
Q

How many transverse rectal folds are there ?

A

3 .
2 left and 1 right.

51
Q

What’s the porta hepatis ?

A

Hilum of liver
Site of entrance / exit for the main structures associated with the liver.
Where the major vessels and ducts enter or level the organ.

52
Q

What does the portal triad consist of ?

A

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery proper
Bile duct

53
Q

What structure (peritoneum) is the liver ?

A

Intraperitoneal organ with associated ligaments

54
Q

What are the 3 ligaments of the liver ?

A

Falciform ligament (anteriorly)
Contains ligamentum teres (umbilical vein remnant).
Coronary ligament (superiorly) surrounded bare area.
Triangular ligament (laterally).

55
Q

What structure (peritoneum) is the pancreas?

A

Retroperitoneal

56
Q

What does pancreas consist of ?

A

Head
Neck
Body
Tail
Uncinate process

57
Q

Where does the main pancreatic duct open ?

A

Opens into the 2nd part of the duodenum with the bile duct as the hepatopancreatic ampulla.

58
Q

Where does the accessory pancreatic ducts open?

A

Opens at minor duodenal papilla.

59
Q

Where are the arterial supply’s ?

A

Foregut - coeliac trunk (T12)
Midgut - superior mesenteric artery (L1)
Hindgut - inferior mesenteric artey (L3)

60
Q

Where does the Coeliac trunk supply?

A

Lower oesophagus
Stomach
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas and spleen
Proximal half of duodenum.

61
Q

What are the Coeliac trunk branches ?

A

Left gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic

62
Q

Where does the superior mesenteric supply ?

A

Distal half of duodenum
Small intestines
Large intestines up tot he splenic flexure

63
Q

What does the superior mesenteric consists of (arterial supply)?

A

Middle colic
Right colic
Ileocolic
Appendicular
Ileal branches
Jejunal branches
Inferior pancreaticduodenal

64
Q

Where does the inferior mesentric supply ?

A

Large intestines, distal to splenic flexture to anal canal

65
Q

What does the inferior mesenteric consist of (arterial supply)?

A

Left colic
Superior sigmoid
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal

66
Q

What is hepatic portal vein formed by?

A

Formed by the union of the splenic vein ( receives the inferior mesenteric vein) and supplies the superior mesenteric vein.

67
Q

What is the hepatic portal vein posterior to ?

A

Neck of the pancreas

68
Q

What does the hepatic portal vein receive?

A

Receives most if the blood form the GI tract

69
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system consist of ?

A

Coeliac gangloin
Superior mesenteric ganglion
Inferior mesenteric ganglion

70
Q

What does parasympathic do ? (Autonomic nervous system)

A

Rest and digest.
Craniosacral outflow

Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions