Respiratory System

Question 1

State the 2 types of respiration and provide a definition for each.

Answer 1

Mechanical - the process of inspiration and the diffusion of oxygen from the lungs to the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.

Cellular - process in which cells derive energy from the breakdown of organic molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Question 2

State 2 main points about the nasal cavity (nose).

Answer 2

Inspired air enters the respiratory system through the nostrils or external nares.
Leads into the nasal cavity divided by cartilaginous septum into the left and right chambers.
Outside of the nose = protected by epidermis, a thick layer of stratified squamous epithelium.
Right/left chambers have scrolls of bone called turbinate bones.

Question 3

State 3 points and the function of the frontal and maxillary sinuses.

Answer 3

Sinus - air filled cavity within a bone.
Lined with ciliated mucous epithelium
Function = lighten the weight of the skull and allowing the skull area, used for muscle attachment to be larger.
Area for heat exchange and sites for mucous secretion.