Respiratory System Flashcards
Respiratory system
Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
When does development of the larynx. And trachea begin
Week 4
What are larynx cartilages developed from
The 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches
Where does the larynx develop
Caudal end of the laryngotracheal tube
Where does the trache develop
Distal portion of the laryngotracheal tube
Bronchial bud derivatives
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi
How many orders of branching total
24
What gives rise to the pleural cavity
Bronchi and lungs grow laterally into the intraembryonic coelom
Stages of lung development
Pseudoglandular stage, canalicular stage, terminal sac stage, , alveolar stage
Pseudogladular stage
Weeks 6-16, no respiration, no gas exchange
Canalicular stage
Weeks 16-26, lumina of bronchi increase, terminal bronchioles give rise to respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and some terminal sacs, lung tissue becomes more vascular, repirationpossible at the end
Terminal Sac Stage
26 weeks - birth, terminal sacs develop, capillaries bulge into terminal sacs
Terminal sac lining
Lined by two types of alveolar cells
1: squamous
2: produce pulmonary surfactants
Alveolar stage
Late fetal period - 8 years, capillaries bulge into terminal sacs a,d alveocapillary membrane thins, respiration, gas exchange
Diaphragm sources
Septum transversal, lateral body walls, pleuroperitoneal membranes, dorsal mesentery of the esophagus
