Respiratory System

Question 1

What is an organ system?

Answer 1

A collection of organs, tissues and processes which carry out a specific function

Question 2

What is the structure of the respiratory system?

Answer 2

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioli, alveoli and lungs

Question 3

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

To provide gas exchange between the blood and environment

Question 4

Give 1 structure of the trachea

Answer 4

Tubular structure connecting the throat and epiglottis to the bronchi

Question 5

Give 1 function of the trachea

Answer 5

Transports the air we breathe into the lungs

Question 6

Give 1 structure of the bronchi

Answer 6

Bronchi Tubes – One leading to the left lung and the other to the right lung

Question 7

Give 1 function of the bronchi

Answer 7

Carries air into the lungs

Question 8

Give 2 structures of the bronchioli

Answer 8

1) Smaller than bronchi

2) Consists of smooth muscle tissue

Question 9

Give 2 functions of the bronchioli

Answer 9

1) Carries oxygen to the alveoli

2) Controls the distribution of air throughout the lungs by constricting and dilating

Question 10

Give 2 structures of the alveoli

Answer 10

1) Tiny air sacs on the end of the smallest bronchioles

2) Capillaries around the outside of the cell

Question 11

Give 2 functions of the alveoli

Answer 11

1) Gas Exchange – Oxygen is breathed in, enters the alveolus and diffuses into the blood
2) Gas Exchange – Carbon dioxide enters the alveolus, diffuses out of the blood and is exhaled out

Question 12

Give 1 structure of the lungs

Answer 12

Bronchial Tree – Air tubes that branch off the bronchi into smaller air tubes called the bronchioli. Each bronchiole ends at tiny air sacs called the alveoli. The alveolus is where gas exchange takes place.

Question 13

Give 1 function of the lungs

Answer 13

To get oxygen from the air we breathe to enter the red blood cells so it can be carried around and used in the cells in our body

Question 14

Explain how the respiratory system works

Answer 14

Starts at the nose and mouth where the air (a mixture of oxygen and other gases) is breathed in. The air travels down the trachea where it branches off into two bronchi tubes, one leading to the left lung and the other to the right lung. Within the lungs are the bronchioli which end at tiny air sacs called the alveoli. This is where gas exchange occurs, as oxygen is diffused into the blood and carried around the body to where it needs to be, and the red blood cells collect carbon dioxide and transport it back to the lungs where it is exhaled out.