Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What is an organ system?
A collection of organs, tissues and processes which carry out a specific function
What is the structure of the musculoskeletal system?
Bones (long, flat, short, irregular, sesamoid), joints and muscles
What is the function of the musculoskeletal system?
To allow movement of the body as a whole or in separate parts, protect the body and it’s internal organs, provide the body with a framework and enable attachment to muscle and tendons
Give 2 structures of bones
1) Long – A shaft and two extremities
2) Flat, Short, Irregular and Sesamoid – No shaft or extremities
Give 2 functions of bones
1) Long – Provide the body with support, stability and strength
2) Flat, Short, Irregular and Sesamoid – Provide the body with support and stability with little to no movement
Give 5 examples of bones
1) Long – Femur
2) Flat – Sternum
3) Short – Carpals
4) Irregular – Vertebrae
5) Sesamoid – Patella
Give 3 structures of joints
1) Fibrous – Fixed
2) Cartilaginous – Made up of cartilage
3) Synovial – Space filled with fluid between the bones
Give 3 functions of joints
1) Fibrous – Allow no movement
2) Cartilaginous – Allow little movement
3) Synovial – Allow greater movement
Give 3 examples of joints
1) Fibrous – Cranium
2) Cartilaginous – Vertebrae
3) Synovial – Hinge, Pivot, Gliding and Condyloid
What are tendons?
Fibrous tissue which connects bone with muscle
What are ligaments?
Fibrous tissue which connects bone with bone or holds together a joint
How do muscles work?
In pairs / Antagonistic – When one muscle contracts (shorter and thicker), the other relaxes (longer and thinner) and the other way around e.g. biceps and triceps
Explain how muscle contraction works
n/a
