Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the three muscles in the intercostal region?
Internal Intercostal muscles
External Intercostal muscles
Innermost Muscles
What are the three intercostal muscles innervated by?
Intercostal nerves
Where do the intercostal muscles receive their blood supply from?
Internal thoracic (Anterior) Descending aorta (Posterior)
What are the two functions of the pleural membrane?
Slide
Suction
What happens if you break the seal in the pleural membranes?
Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung)
What are the 4 regions of the parietal pleura?
Cervical
Costal
Diaphragmatic
Mediastinal
When you exhale what does the diaphragm do?
It relaxes and moves up decreasing lung volume
When you inhale what does the diaphragm do?
It contracts and pulls down increasing lung volume
Which of the pleural membranes has pain receptors?
Parietal
Which nerve in the respiratory system refers pain?
Phrenic Nerve
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
What is the name of the fissure in the left lung?
Oblique Fissure
Which primary bronchi is shorter and steeper?
Right
How many primary bronchi are there?
2 (Same Number as number of lungs)
How many secondary bronchi are there in the right lung?
Three (same # as # of lobes)
How many secondary bronchi are in the left lung?
Two (same # as # of lobes)
Which lung is more likely to get aspirated objects lodged into it?
Right
Where do the bronchi lack cartilage?
Terminal Bronchi
Where is the site of gas exchange?
Alveolar sacs
Do the pulmonary arteries have oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Deoxygenated blood
Where does the CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs?
Pulmonary capillaries
What law determines the mechanics of breathing?
Boyle’s Law
What is Boyles Law?
Pressure varies Inversely with Volume
If volume increases, pressure is _____?
Decreased
What is the primary muscle of respiration?
Diaphragm
What three things pass through the diaphragm?
Inferior Vena Cava
Descending Aorta
Esophagus
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic Nerve
What is the function of the diaphragm?
To increase the volume of the lungs
Does the lung actively pull air in and push air out?
NO
How does air flow into the lung?
The diaphragm contracts creating more volume in the lungs allowing air to flow in passively.
What are the accessory muscles of respiration?
Intercostals
Serratus Anterior
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
If there is chest pain from an inflamed pleural membrane what nerve is responsible?
Intercostal nerves
What regions of the pleural membrane do the intercostal nerves innervate?
Cervical and Costal
What regions of the pleural membrane does the phrenic nerve innervate?
Mediastinal and Diaphragmatic
