Respiratory System Flashcards
(56 cards)
Involves the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood.
External Respiration
Involves the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells throughout the body.
Internal Respiration
Gases are warmed, humidified, and cleansed before entering the lungs.
Conditioned Gases
An enzyme that destroys microbial cell walls.
Lysozyme
The lacrimal ducts that drains into the nasal cavity/inf. nasal conchae.
Nasolacrimal ducts
The alternating of breathing through your nose to prevent drying up of the mucous membranes. It is done by erectile tissue which locks one side. This is done subconsciously by the hypothalamus.
Nasal Cycle
It helps to cover the nasopharynx during eating and drinking. It is much like the epiglottis and can be seen by the naked eye.
Uvula
They are also called vestibular ligaments and are covered by vestibular folds/false vocal cords. Found within the larynx
Superior Ligaments
They are called vocal ligaments and are called vocal folds, also known as true vocal cords because they produce sound. Found within the larynx
Inferior ligaments
It is the opening between the vocal folds. Air is forced through this in order for the true vocal cords to make sound.
Rima Glottidis
The longer the vocal cords the lower the sound. As we grow older, vocal cords lengthen and our voice gets lower. Testosterone also lengthens your vocal cords.
Vocal cord Length
It is caused by the laryngeal cartilages and vocal folds growing rapidly.
Cracking of the voice
It forms only the anterior and lateral walls of the larynx. It is composed of hyaline cartilage. It is stimulated by testosterone and makes adam’s apple.
Thyroid cartilage
It forms the inferior base of the larynx and connects to the trachea inferiorly. It is composed of hyaline cartilage.
Cricoid cartilage
It attaches the cricoid cartilage with the thyroid cartilage. It is about 4 fingers width above the sternal notch.
Cricothyroid Ligament
It is an emergency airway that is opened in the larynx by making an incision through the cricothyroid ligament.
Cricothyrotomy
It covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and water getting in the trachea. The trachea is moved superiorly while this moves inferiorly.
Epiglottis
It is anterior to the epiglottis and at the base of the tongue. It serves as a spit trap and temporarily holds saliva to reduce the risk of coughing before it is swallowed.
Vallecula
Tracheal Cartilages
The anterior walls of the trachea are supported by 15-20 C-shaped tracheal cartilages. They are completed by the trachealis muscle. These cartilages rings reinforce and provide some rigidity to the tracheal wall to make sure it stays open.
It is the right and left branches of the trachea. The right branch leaves at a more acute angle and so the right side is more prone to have objects and vomit go down it.
Primary Bronchi
It is where the trachea splits into the the primary bronchi. There are many nerve endings here that “tickle” before you cough.
Carina
It is the medial surface of the lung.
Hilum
The left lung has two of these since it has two lobes. The right lung has three because it has has three lobes.
Secondary Bronchi
They are smaller tubules that extend from the bronchi. They are no longer lined with cilia. They contain no cartilage and their small diameter prevents their collapse.They are covered by smooth muscle.
Bronchioles
