Respiratory System

Question 1

Trachea:

Answer 1

Has rings of cartilage along its length to allow the tube to be flexible and to keep the airway open.

Question 2

Bronchi:

Answer 2

Tubes that branch from the trachea to continue the air flow nearer the lungs.

Question 3

Bronchioles:

Answer 3

Smaller sub-divisions of the bronchi leading to the alveoli.

Question 4

Larynx:

Answer 4

Air passage to the bronchus; air passing over the larynx produces the voice.

Question 5

Alveoli:

Answer 5

Ting air sacs; there are millions in the lungs; gaseous exchange takes place here; this action is vital to sustain life.

Question 6

Diaphragm:

Answer 6

Sheet of muscle dividing the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity.

Question 7

Ribs:

Answer 7

Form a protective cage around the organs in the chest.

Question 8

Lungs:

Answer 8

Positioned inside the chest cavity. This action of breathing means that the lungs are constantly moving in and out.

Question 9

Intercostal muscles:

Answer 9

Found between the ribs contracting and relaxing in the breathing process.

Question 10

Breathing in: inspiration

Answer 10

Intercostal muscles contract
Ribs move out
Diaphragm contracts and flattens
Chest expands
Air pressure is lower (high to low)
Air is forced into the lungs.

Question 11

Breathing out: expiration

Answer 11

Intercostal muscles relax
Diaphragm relaxes
Chest become smaller
Air pressure is higher
Air is forced from lungs.

Question 12

Immediate effect of exercise:

Answer 12

• heavy breathing
• increase in tidal volume
• increase in the amount of air being heather in or out.

Question 13

Long term effect of exercise:

Answer 13

• muscles around chest cavity get larger
• increase in lung volume
• better oxygen supply to the body.

Question 14

Aerobic respiration:

Answer 14

Oxygen+glucose=carbon dioxide+water+glucose.

Question 15

Anaerobic respiration:

Answer 15

Glucose=lactic acid+energy

Question 16

Tidal volume:

Answer 16

The amount of air we breathe in/out in one breath, during rest.

Question 17

Inspiration capacity:

Answer 17

The amount of extra air inhaled (above tidal volume) during a deep breath.

Question 18

Vital capacity:

Answer 18

The maximum amount of air you can breathe out, in one breath.

Question 19

Residual volume:

Answer 19

The amount of air left in your lungs following a maximum exhalation. Always some left over to prevent lungs from collapsing.

Question 20

Total lung capacity:

Answer 20

Vital capacity + residual volume and is the total amount of air the lungs can hold.

Question 21

Respiratory rate:

Answer 21

How many breaths you take per minute.

Question 22

Effects of smoking:

Answer 22

Can lead to lung disease. Cigarette smoke contains tar that clogs up the alveoli and makes it harder for gas exchange to take place. Nicotine causes the blood vessels in the lungs to tighten which slows the blood flow in the lungs.