CV System

Question 1

What is the CV system made up of?

Answer 1

Blood, blood vessels, heart.

Question 2

Why is the CV system so important?

Answer 2

It delivers blood and oxygen to where the body needs it.

Question 3

Arteries:

Answer 3

• muscle and elastic fibres

- carry blood away from the heart. Stretch as blood is pumped in and the muscle wall contracts to force blood along.

Question 4

Veins:

Answer 4

• muscle and elastic fibres
• veins have relatively thinner and less muscular walls than arteries. Blood is under a lower pressure than in the arteries.

Question 5

Capillaries:

Answer 5

• one wall cell thick

- exchange of nutrients and respiratory gases occur across their surface.

Question 6

What is the cardiovascular system?

Answer 6

It is the main delivery system for the body. Blood moves from the heart to deliver oxygen to the body.

Question 7

What are valves?

Answer 7

They prevent back flow of the blood, between heartbeats.

Question 8

Explain the figure-of-eight.

Answer 8

Pulmonary artery takes blood away from heart into the lungs. Pulmonary vein takes blood to the heart. Artery takes deoxygenated blood away from heart to the body. Vein takes blood to the heart.

Question 9

Temporal pulse:

Answer 9

Found just over the temple on either side of the forehead.

Question 10

Carotid pulse:

Answer 10

Found on either side of the neck to the side of the windpipe.

Question 11

Radial pulse:

Answer 11

Found at the base of the thumb on the inside of each wrist.

Question 12

Femoral pulse:

Answer 12

Found at the top of each leg in the groin.

Question 13

What devices is used to measure blood pressure?

Answer 13

A Sphygmomanometer.

Question 14

120/80

Answer 14

Systolic/diastolic.

Question 15

Heart rate is?

Answer 15

The number of times the heart beats per minute.

Question 16

What is stroke volume?

Answer 16

The output of blood from the heart in one beat.

Question 17

Short term effect of exercise:

Answer 17

Increase heart rate, cardiac output, increase stroke volume and body temperature.

Question 18

Long term effect of exercise:

Answer 18

Lower resting heart rate, reduces heart disease/stroke and cardiac output increases.

Question 19

What is blood pressure?

Answer 19

Is a measure of the outward force exerted by the blood on the walls of blood pressure.

Question 20

What is cardiac output?

Answer 20

The total amount of blood pumped around your body in one minute.
Stroke volume x Heart rate.

Question 21

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 21

Muscle hypertrophy involves an increase in the size of skeletal muscle in through an increase in the size of its components.

Question 22

What is atrophy?

Answer 22

Muscles decrease in size when performers don’t exercise or they have a lack of exercise.

Question 23

Two type of lipoproteins:

Answer 23

High density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins.

Question 24

HDL:

Answer 24

• good cholesterol

- take cholesterol away from the heart and allow us to excrete it.

Question 25

LDL:

Answer 25

• bad cholesterol
• take cholesterol to the heart
• can’t get rid of cholesterol.

Question 26

Cholesterol:

Answer 26

Surrounds every cell in the body. It comes from saturated fat that is in certain types of food - that is made into cholesterol by your liver.

Question 27

What does cholesterol travel by?

Answer 27

Lipoproteins, which allow fat to move through water inside and outside of your cells.