Diet

Question 1

Protein:

Answer 1

Builds body muscle, repairs tissue, enzymes and hormones: chicken.

Question 2

Fat:

Answer 2

Unsaturated is bad: oily fish.

Question 3

Vitamins:

Answer 3

A for vision
B for energy production
C for healthy skin
D for bones and teeth
Helps concentration: fresh fruit.

Question 4

Minerals:

Answer 4

Calcium for strengthen bones
Iodine for energy
Iron for prevents fatigue
Helps make decisions: fruit.

Question 5

Fibre:

Answer 5

Can’t be digested, fills you up, healthy digestion, helps with weight control: fruit.

Question 6

Water:

Answer 6

Maintains fluid levels, prevents dehydration: the tap.

Question 7

Basal metabolic rate:

Answer 7

The amount of energy we require to stay alive, awake and warm.

Question 8

Working energy:

Answer 8

Over and beating the BMR used for daily tasks.

Total energy needed: BMR + working energy needed.

Question 9

Individual needs:

Answer 9

Age: older = more energy needed but metabolism slows down so not as much food needed
Size: larger people = more energy
Gender: males usually = more energy
Lifestyle: more activity = more energy.

Question 10

Wellbeing:

Answer 10

Mentally and physically stable, without illness.

Question 11

Obese:

Answer 11

People who are very over fat.

Question 12

Over fat:

Answer 12

Having body fat in excess of normal.

Question 13

Overweight:

Answer 13

Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by over fatness)

Question 14

Carbohydrate loading:

Answer 14

7 days before: energy stores gone as training increases
6-4 days: low carbohydrate, Hugh protein, keeping glycogen stores low
3-1 days: swap to carbohydrate-rich diet to build up glycogen stores
Night before: large carbohydrate-rich meal, pasta party.

Question 15

Recreation drug: alcohol:

Answer 15

Short term: slows down reaction, dehydration, lack of coordination, poor judgment
Long term: liver damage.

Question 16

Recreation drug: nicotine:

Answer 16

Short term: raises alertness, addictive, calming

Long term: coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, lung cancer, damages CV, addictive.

Question 17

Ectomorph:

Answer 17

Very little muscle/body fat, narrow hips, shoulders, legs, chest, abdomen, face and high forehead.

Question 18

Mesomorph:

Answer 18

Very little body fat, muscular body, broad shoulders, narrow hips, large head, strong forearms and thighs.

Question 19

Endomorph:

Answer 19

Lot of body fat, fat on upper arms and thighs, wide hips and narrow shoulders, fairly slim wrists and ankles.

Question 20

Main reasons why athletes take drugs:

Answer 20

• to pep up their performance
• to kill pain so they can keep going
• build muscles faster than they can do in training
• to calm themselves before important events (archery)

Question 21

Carbohydrate:

Answer 21

Quick energy: bread.

Question 22

Anabolic steroids:

Answer 22

Can train for longer, body can recover from heavy training than usual.
BUT: stop making own hormones, become infertile, facial hair, addictive.

Question 23

Beta blockers:

Answer 23

Enhance performance, slows down or regulate heart beat.

BUT: dizziness, vomiting, interference with sleep patterns.

Question 24

Diuretics:

Answer 24

Detrimental effect, masks illegal drugs, loose weight.

BUT: dehydration, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, seizure.

Question 25

Narcotic Analgesics:

Answer 25

Train harder and longer, reduce anxiety

BUT: high addiction, can produce mood swings.

Question 26

Stimulants:

Answer 26

Increased mental and/or physical alertness

BUT: irregular heart beat, increased heart rate, high blood pressure.

Question 27

Peptide hormones/EPO:

Answer 27

More red blood cells so more oxygen

BUT: increase in heart attack, strokes.

Question 28

Blood doping:

Answer 28

Increase the oxygen carrying capacity, more oxygen is able to reach working muscles so better performance
BUT: infections, increase chance of heart attack, increase chance of stroke.