PEP Flashcards
What is fitness?
Is the ability to meet the demands of the environment.
What is exercise?
Is a form of physical activity done with primarily to improve health and physical fitness.
What is performance?
Is how well a task is completed.
HRF:
Cardiovascular:
The ability of the heart, blood vessels, blood, and respiratory system to supply fuel and especially oxygen to the muscles.
HRF:
Muscular strength:
The ability to exert an external force or life a heavy weight.
HRF:
Muscular endurance:
The ability of the muscles to repeatedly exert themselves.
HRF:
Flexibility:
The range of motion at a joint and the ability of the muscles to stretch.
HRF:
Body composition:
The relative percentage of muscle, fat, bone and other tissues of which the body is composed.
SRF:
Balance:
The ability to keep the body stable whether still, moving or in a different shape by keeping the centre of gravity over the base.
SRF:
Speed:
The fastest rate at which a person can complete a task or cover a distance.
SRF:
Power:
Speed x strength. The ability to apply a combination of strength and speed in an action.
SRF:
Reaction time:
The time is takes to respond to a stimulus.
SRF:
Agility:
The ability to change direction quickly and still keep the control of the whole body.
SRF:
Coordination:
The ability to use two or more body parts at the same time.
M of T:
Continuous:
Simplest form of training with no rest periods or recovery intervals: improves CV, aerobic system.
M of T:
Interval:
Involves alternating periods of work and rest: improves pace, recovery time, aerobic and anaerobic fitness:
M of T:
Fartlek:
Continuous workout involving changes in speed/terrain: game players who use short bursts of energy.
M of T:
Circuit:
Undertake a sequence of exercises. Each exercise is performed at a station: particular activity, target muscular groups.
M of T:
Weight training:
A workout using weights as a form of resistance: effective way of improving strength, muscular strength, muscular endurance.
M of T:
Pylometrics:
Series of explosive movements, jumps, bounces and leaps: improves power.
M of T:
Cross-training:
Is a mix of all the different methods of training: maintain high level of general fitness, adopted to suit people’s needs.
P of T:
Specificity:
- relevant to game or event
- same pace as game or event
- same actions as used in game or every.
P of T:
Progression:
- difficulty needs to be increased
- should be done gradually
- start at low level and build up.
P of T:
Overload:
- improvement only takes place when body undergoes more stress than normal
- FITT:
- frequency: how often?
- intensity: how hard?
- time: how long?
- type: what type of training?
P of T:
Reversibility:
- body can lose benefits as well as gain them
- as soon as you stop, body regresses
- higher level of fitness, more you have to train.
P of T:
Tedium:
- training has to be fun and interesting
- if not, motivation will decline and training may stop.
What is health?
A state of complete mental, physical and social well-being and not merely, the absence of disease or infirmity.
Influences on sport:
People: take part with families, people same aged, friends: easier to enjoy.
Image: fashion used in equipment, Wimbledon. Media: London marathon influences people to watch/take part next year
Cultural: disability can take part with many opportunities
Age: some may have age restrictions, work
Gender: some are still gender biased; male netball teams, female cricket teams
Resources: availability, location, access, time
Health: if ill, can’t compete
Socio-economic: cost, status: employed.
