Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
Cartilage
A
tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but less dense than bone
2
Q
cilia
A
hairlike structure
3
Q
diffuse
A
to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces
4
Q
mucous membrane
A
moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to enviroment
5
Q
oxygen
A
tasteless, orderless, colorless gas essential for human respiration
6
Q
pH
A
symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance
7
Q
septum
A
wall dividing two cavities
8
Q
nas/o
A
nose
9
Q
rhin/o
A
nose
10
Q
sept/o
A
septum
11
Q
sinus/o
A
sinus, cavity
12
Q
epiglottitis
A
inflammation of the epiglottis
13
Q
laryngoplegia
A
paralysis of the (vocal cords and larynx)
14
Q
bronchiectasis
A
dilation of the bronchi
15
Q
bronchiolitis
A
inflammation of the bronchi
16
Q
pleurocentesis
A
surgical puncture of the pleural cavity
17
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
18
Q
orth/o
A
straight
19
Q
oximeter
A
instrument used for measuring O2
20
Q
hypoxemia
A
deficiency of O2 in blood
21
Q
stethoscope
A
instrument used for examining the chest
22
Q
hypercapina
A
excessive CO2
23
Q
anosmia
A
without the sense of smell
24
Q
dysphonia
A
impaired voice
25
apena
not breathing
26
hemoptysis
spitting of blood
27
pyothorax
pus in the chest cavity
28
empyema
aka pyothorax; pus in the chest cavity
29
bradypnea
slow breathing
30
dyspnea
difficult breathing
31
eupnea
normal breathing
32
tachypnea
rapid breathing
33
epistaxis
nasal hemorrhage; nosebleed
34
Mediastinum
The place between the right and left lungs; contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchi
35
Asthma
Produces spams in the bronchial passages that may be sudden and violent and lead to dyspnea; obstructive
36
Chronic bronchitis
An inflammation of the bronchi caused mainly by smoking and air pollution; obstructive
37
Influenza
An acute infectious respiratory viral disease
38
Pleural effusion
Any abnormal fluid in the pleural cavity, the space between the visceral and parietal pleura
39
Hydrothorax
Serum pleural effusion
40
Hemorthorax
Blood pleural effusion
41
Pneumothorax
Air pleural effusion
42
Tuberculosis
Communicable disease caused by the bacterium "mycobacterium tuberculosis"
43
Pneumonia
Any inflammatory disease of the lungs
44
Cystic fibrosis
A hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands that causes the body to secrete extremely thick mucus; obstructive
45
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
A condition in which the lungs no longer function effectively, the threatening the life of the patient; restrictive
46
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
Form of respiratory distress syndrome
47
Anosmia
Absence of the sense of smell
48
Apnea
Temporary loss of breathing
49
Asphyxia
Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen
50
Atelectasis
Collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung
51
Cheyne-strokes respiration
Repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration: first deeply, then shallow, then not at all
52
Coryza
Acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection
53
Crackle
Abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; aka rale
54
Croup
Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungs
55
Finger clubbing
Enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes commonly associated with pulmonary disease
56
Hypoxemia
Oxygen deficiency in arterial blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
57
Hypoxia
Oxygen deficiency in body tissue; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
58
Pertussis
Acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough
59
Pneumoconiosis
Disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust, iron dust, and asbestos particles
60
Pulmonary edema
Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure
61
Pulmonary embolism
Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by mass of u dissolved matter
62
Rhonchus
Abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway
63
Stridor
High-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway
64
Sudden infant death syndrome
Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than age 12 months
65
Wheeze
Whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing the lumen of the respiratory passageway
66
Aerosol therapy
Lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist from directly to the lungs on air passageways
67
Oximetry
Noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
68
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
Variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function, the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane
69
Spirometry
PFT that measures the breathing capacity of the lungs, including the times necessary for exhaling the total volume of the inhaled air
70
Endotracheal intubation
Procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway
71
Pleurectomy
Excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura
72
Pneumectomy
Excision of a lung or portion of the lung, commonly for treatment of cancer
73
Thoracentesis
Surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity
74
Tracheostomy
Surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted
75
Bronchoscopy
Visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor
76
Arterial blood gas
Test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood
77
ABG abrev.
Arterial blood gas
78
COPD abrev.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
79
Hb, Hgb
Hemoglobin
80
PFT abrev.
Pulmonary function test
81
pH abrev.
Degree of acidity or alkalinity
82
SOB abrev.
Shortness of breath
83
URI abrev.
Upper respiratory infection
84
Antibiotics
Destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria by disrupting their membranes or one or more of their metabolic processes
85
Antibiotic medicine
Azythromycin; erythromycin
86
Antihistamines
Block histamine so from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues
87
Antihistamine medicine
Fexofenadine; loratadine
88
Antitussives
Relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain
89
Antitussives medicine
Hydrocodone; detromethorphan
90
Bronchodilator
Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased air flow
91
Bronchodilator medicines
Albuterol; salmeterol
92
Corticosteroids
Act on the immune system by blocking production of substance that triggers allergic and inflammatory actions
93
Decongestants
Constrict blood vessels of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely thought the passageways
94
Decongestant medicine
Oxymetazoline; pseudoephedrine
95
Expectorants
Liquefy respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes
96
Expectorant medicine
Guaifenesin
97
Carbon Dioxide
Tasteless, Orderless, colorless gas produced by the body cells during metabolism
