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Medical Terminology > Ch. 8 Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of veins

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2
Q

The contraction phase when the blood is forced out of the heart

A

Systole

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3
Q

Relaxation phase, when the ventricles are filling with blood

A

Diastole

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4
Q

The force exerted by blood against the arterial walls

A

Blood pressure (BP)

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5
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A condition where the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to an excessive buildup of plaque around the artery wall

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6
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Myocardial Infarction (MI)

A

Pallor, dyspnea, diaphoresis, and angina

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7
Q

Narrowing of the aortic valve

A

Aortic stenosis

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8
Q

A specialist in the study of the heart (cardiovascular disease)

A

Cardiologist

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9
Q

Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)

A

A record of the electrical (impulses) of the heart

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10
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

A device used to measure blood pressure

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11
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Any of a group of conditions in which the electrical activity of the heart is irregular, faster, or slower than normal

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12
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

An abnormal condition in which there is an elevated level of fatty substances in the blood

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13
Q

Endarterectomy

A

A surgical procedure in which including material and plaque are removed from the innermost layer of the artery

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14
Q

Subendocardium

A

Ischemia is the reduction of blood flow to an area below the endocardium

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15
Q

The loss of consciousness

A

Syncope

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16
Q

Localized tissues anemia as a result of a partial blocking

A

Ischemia

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17
Q

An arrhythmia with an abnormally rapid heart rate

A

Tachycardia

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18
Q

The medical term for chest pain

A

Angina

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19
Q

Dislodged thrombus traveling through the vascular system

A

Embolus

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20
Q

Enlarged, engorged, twisted, superficial veins

A

Varicose veins

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21
Q

“Spider veins”, which look like short, fine lines, starburst clusters, or web-like mazes

A

Telangiectases

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22
Q

Enlargement of the heart

A

Cardiomegaly

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23
Q

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves

A

Endocarditis

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24
Q

Inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart

A

Myocarditis

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25
Q

Inflammation of the pericardium

A

Pericarditis

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26
Q

Narrowing of A vessel especially the aorta

A

Coartation

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27
Q

Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, associated valvular action or with the movement of blood as it passes an obstruction

A

Bruit

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28
Q

Abnormal condition in which a blood clot developed in a vessel and obstructs it at the site of its formation

A

Thrombosis

29
Q

Localized tissue necrosis due to the cessation of blood supply

A

Infarction

30
Q

Stent

A

A hollow thin mesh tube (keeps artery open)

31
Q

Tumor of blood vessel

A

Hermangioma

32
Q

Tumor of fatty plaque

A

Atheroma

33
Q

Localize abnormal dilation of a vessel usually an artery

A

Aneurysm

34
Q

Blood clot

A

Thrombus

35
Q

Tumor of heart composed of mucus connective tissue

A

Myxoma

36
Q

Destruction of a blood clot

A

Thrombolysis

37
Q

Destruction of red blood cells

A

Hemolysis

38
Q

Surgical removal of a vein clot

A

Thrombectomy

39
Q

Angioplasty

A

Surgical repair of a vessel

40
Q

Venostasis

A

Standing still of (blood in) a vein

41
Q

Arteriorrhexis

A

Rupture of an artery

42
Q

Phlebectasis

A

Expansion of a vein

43
Q

Angiogram

A

Recording of the vessel

44
Q

Diagnostic procedure which involves the passage of the catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart

A

Cardiac Catheterization

45
Q

ECG taken under control exercise stress conditions

A

Stress test

46
Q

Placement of the vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle

A

Coronary artery bypass graft

47
Q

Ultrasonography that is used to visualize internal cardiac structures

A

Echocardiography

48
Q

Radiographic image of the inside of a blood vessel after injection of contrast medium; aka arteriography

A

Angiography

49
Q

Block the effect of adrenaline, which slows nerve impulses through the heat, causing a decrease in heart rate

A

Beta blockers

50
Q

Act on the kidneys to increase excretion of water and sodium

A

Diuretics

51
Q

Lower cholesterol in the blood and reduce its production in the liver

A

Statins

52
Q

Dilated blood vessels of the heart causing an increase in the amount of oxygen delivered to the myocardium

A

Nitrates

53
Q

Reduce blood pressure by relaxing smooth muscle in blood vessels

A

Vasodilators

54
Q

Depolarization (contraction) of the atria represented by the

A

P-wave

55
Q

Depolarization of the ventricles

A

QRS complex

56
Q

T wave

A

Repolarization (recover) of the ventricles

57
Q

Afferent

A

Conducting inward or towards a body part

58
Q

Efferent

A

Conducting outward or away from the park or organ

59
Q

Also known as afferent vessels because they conduct blood toward the heart

A

Veins

60
Q

Efferent vessels because they conduct blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

61
Q

BP abrev.

A

Blood pressure

62
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

63
Q

CAD abrev.

A

Coronary artery disease

64
Q

DVT abrev.

A

Deep vein thrombosis

65
Q

CPR abrev.

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

66
Q

MRI abrev.

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

67
Q

MI abrev.

A

Myocardial infarction

68
Q

HF abrev.

A

Heart failure

69
Q

Vasculitis

A

The inflammation of blood vessels

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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