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Medical Terminology > Ch9 And Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch9 And Ch 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Abrev. HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

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2
Q

Abrev. EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

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3
Q

Abrev. SLE

A

Systematic lupus erythematosus

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4
Q

Abrev. ALL

A

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

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5
Q

Abrev. CLL

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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6
Q

Abrev. AML

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia

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7
Q

Abrev. CML

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

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8
Q

Abrev. WBC

A

White blood cells

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9
Q

Abrev. RBC

A

Red blood cells

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10
Q

Abrev. PTT

A

Partial thromboplastin time

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11
Q

Abrev. PT

A

Prothrombin time

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12
Q

Abrev. PMN

A

Polymorphonuclear

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13
Q

Abrev. Igs

A

Immunoglobulin

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14
Q

Abrev. HTC

A

Hematocrit

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15
Q

Abrev. Hb

A

Hemoglobin

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16
Q

Abrev. DIC

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

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17
Q

Abrev. CBC

A

Complete blood count

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18
Q

Abrev. APC

A

Antigen-presenting cell

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19
Q

Abrev. Ag

A

Antigen

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20
Q

Abrev. ANA

A

Antinuclear antibody

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21
Q

Abrev. Ab

A

Antibody

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22
Q

Prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis or in activating one or more clotting factors

A

Anticoagulants

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23
Q

Prevent and treat bleeding disorders resulting from a lack of Prothrombin

A

Fat-soluble vitamins

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24
Q

Prevent replication of viruses within who cells

A

Antivirals

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25
Q

Dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands

A

Thrombocytes

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26
Q

Destroy bacteria fungi and protozoa

A

Antimicrobials

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27
Q

The Shilling test is used to diagnose what type of anemia

A

Pernicious anemia

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28
Q

Commonly used to manage patients receiving that anticoagulant warfarin and to evaluate the liver function

A

PT

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29
Q

PTT

A

Measures the length of time it takes blood to clot to screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors

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30
Q

Broad screening test for anemias, coagulation disorders and infections

A

CBC

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31
Q

ANA

A

Indicates potential for autoimmunity

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32
Q

Blood culture

A

Determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream

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33
Q

Bone marrow aspiration

A

Infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells

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34
Q

Monospot

A

Test for the presence of the heterophile antibody

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35
Q

The development of pinpoint hemorrhage stay appear primarily in the lower leg is a sign of

A

Thrombocytopenia

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36
Q

Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood

A

Sepsis

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37
Q

Auto immune disease causing chronic inflammation and s typical “butterfly rash” over the nose and cheeks in about %50 of people suffering

A

Systematic lupus erythematosus

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38
Q

Type of anemia caused by destruction of red blood cells, resulting in jaundice

A

Hemolytic anemia

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39
Q

Type of anemia caused by faulty hemoglobin production, leading to ischemia and severe pain

A

Sickle-cell anemia

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40
Q

Lac of sufficient vitamin B 12 needed for blood cell development

A

Pernicious anemia

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41
Q

A malignant disease of the lymphatic system, primarily the lymph nodes

A

Lymphangioma

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42
Q

Localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted in an organ space, tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel

A

Hematoma

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43
Q

Produces antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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44
Q

Cytotoxic cells

A

Destroys invading antigen

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45
Q

Helper T cells

A

Both humoral and cellular immunity

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46
Q

NK cells

A

Cellular immunity

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47
Q

Basophils

A

Release histamines

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48
Q

Eosinophils

A

Elevated in allergies and parasitic infections

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49
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Blood clotting

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50
Q

Neutrophils

A

First to arrive at site of infection; elevated in bacterial infections

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51
Q

RBCs

A

Transport O2 and CO2

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52
Q

Hemoglobin

A

An iron-containing protein found in RBCs that transports oxygen and gives blood its color

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53
Q

A cell that eats (foreign material)

A

Phagocytes

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54
Q

The formation and development of blood cells

A

Hematopoiesis

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55
Q

The fluid component of blood

A

Plasma

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56
Q

The formation of blood clots in blood vessels

A

Thromboplastin

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57
Q

A mass of extravasated, usually clotted blood caused by a break or leak in a blood vessel

A

Hematoma

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58
Q

A cell that is irregular or varied in shape

A

Poikilocyte

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59
Q

The study of antigen and antibodies in serum as well as sources other than serum, including plasma, saliva, and urine

A

Serology

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60
Q

Leukemia

A

A white blood cell condition

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61
Q

Anemia

A

Without blood

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62
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

A blood effusion within a joint

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63
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Abnormal increase in white blood cells

64
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Means without protection

65
Q

Sideropenia

A

Deficiency of iron

66
Q

Erythroblastosis

A

Abnormal increase of embryonic red cells

67
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

A disease of lymph nodes

68
Q

Immunology

A

Includes the study of autoimmune disease, hypersensitives, and immune deficiencies

69
Q

Homophobia

A

The fear of blood

70
Q

Hemophilia

A

Hereditary disorder in which the blood-clotting mechanism is impaired

71
Q

Erythropenia

A

Abnormal decrease in red blood cells

72
Q

Mononucleosis

A

Abnormal increase of mononuclear cells

73
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

A failure of the bone marrow to produce adequate blood

74
Q

Reticulocyte

A

An immature erythrocyte that contains strands of nuclear material

75
Q

Leukocytes

A

A white blood cell

76
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

77
Q

Abrev. ROM

A

Range of motion

78
Q

Abrev. NSAIDs

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

79
Q

Abrev. IV

A

Intravenous

80
Q

Abrev. IM

A

Intramuscular

81
Q

Abrev. Fx

82
Q

Abrev. PCL

A

Posterior cruciate ligament

83
Q

Abrev. ACL

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

84
Q

Relieve muscle spasms and stiffness

A

Muscle relaxants

85
Q

Calcium supplements

A

Treat and prevent hypocalcemia

86
Q

Gold salts

A

Treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system

87
Q

Salicylates

A

Relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation

88
Q

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

A

Decrease pain and suppress inflammation

89
Q

Bone densitometry

A

Non-invasive diagnostic procedure that uses low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone material density

90
Q

Scintigraphy

A

Nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of radionuclide

91
Q

Myelography

A

Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions

92
Q

Discography

A

Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of a contrast medium

93
Q

Arthrography

A

Series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint

94
Q

Type of bone immobilization by application of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture

95
Q

Bone immobilization by application of an orthopedic device to the injured body part

96
Q

Bone immobilization by application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or similar material

97
Q

Reduction in which fractured bones are placed in their proper position during surgery

A

Open reduction

98
Q

Reduction in which fractured bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery

A

Closed reduction

99
Q

Tearing of a ligament tissues that may be slight, moderate, or complete

100
Q

Dislocation

101
Q

Muscular trauma caused by violent contraction

102
Q

Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

103
Q

Exacerbation

A

Increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms

104
Q

Crepitation

A

Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

105
Q

Contracture

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

106
Q

Claudication

A

Lameless, limping

107
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

Systematic disease characterized by inflammatory changes in joints and their related structures, results in crippling deformities

108
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

A neuromuscular disorder causes fluctuating weakness of certain skeletal muscle groups

109
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

A genetic disease characterized by gradual atrophy and weakening of muscle tissue

110
Q

Gout arthritis

A

A metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid crystals in the blood

111
Q

Degenerative joint disease

A

A progressive, degenerative disease that occurs when the protective cartilage at the end of the bones wear down

112
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Infective process that encompasses all bone components, including the bone marrow

113
Q

Paget disease

A

A chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones

114
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A common metabolic bone disorder in the elderly, particularly in postmenopausal women and especially women older than age 60

115
Q

Complicated fracture

A

One in which a broken bone has injured an internal organ

116
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

The bone has broken or splintered into pieces

117
Q

Impacted fracture

A

Occurs when the bone broken and one end is wedged into the interior of another bone

118
Q

Colles fracture

A

A breakdown at the lower end of the radius, occurs just above the wrist

119
Q

Incomplete fracture

A

A green stick fracture

120
Q

Tumor composed of bone

121
Q

Tumor of muscle

122
Q

Tumor composed of striated muscular tissue

123
Q

Diarthroses

A

Freely movable joints

124
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

Slightly moveable joints

125
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Immoveable joints

126
Q

Abnormal condition of a humpback posture

127
Q

Shaped curvature of the spine

128
Q

Curvature of lower portion of spine

129
Q

Spongy or cancellous bone is found t the —— of long bones

130
Q

The segment of a long bone located between the articular end part and the shaft

A

Metaphysics

131
Q

What are the functions of bones

A

Protect internal organs, provide framework of the body, produce blood cells within bone marrow, store calcium and other materials

132
Q

Rotation

A

Moves a bone around its own axis

133
Q

Supination

A

Turns the palm up

134
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Lowers the foot (points toes)

135
Q

Inversion

A

Moves the sole of th foot inward

136
Q

This type of muscle is found principally in the visceral organs, walls of arteries and respiratory passages and urinary and reproductive

137
Q

Muscle fount only in heart

138
Q

Voluntary muscles

139
Q

Type of muscle that is striated and involuntary

140
Q

Involuntary/ visceral muscles

141
Q

Voluntary/ striated muscles

142
Q

Excision of the lamina

A

Laminectomy

143
Q

Pertaining to above the ribs

A

Supracostal

144
Q

Inflammation of the vertebrae

A

Spondylitis

145
Q

The surgical fracture of a bone

A

Osteoclasia

146
Q

The surgical repair of a tendon

A

Tendoplasty

147
Q

A form of osteomalacia in children’s caused by vitamin D

148
Q

Abnormal condition of stiffness

149
Q

Means without nourishment

150
Q

Ligaments

A

A tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects to bone to bone

151
Q

Addiction

A

A limb is moved away from the midline

152
Q

Tendons

A

Connective tissue fibers form the midline

153
Q

Epiphyses

A

The enlarged proximal and distal ends of s long bone

154
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Immature bone cells involved in osteolysis

155
Q

Dactylitis

A

The inflammation of fingers and toes

156
Q

Abrev. AIDS

A

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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