Respiratory system Flashcards
What is the pharynx?
Back part of mouth and throat
What is the larynx?
Voice box containing the vocal cords
What is the epiglottis?
A fold of tissue which automatically covers the entrance to the larynx when swallowing to prevent entry of food into lungs
What is the trachea?
The windpipe that carries air into the lung
What is the bronchus?
At its lower end, the trachea divides and the smaller tubes called bronchi these intern divide it into smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles
What are alveoli?
The microscopic air sacks at the end of each bronchiole where the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen takes place
What is a pleura?
Smooth, moist lining tissue, which covers the outside surface of the lungs and the chest cavity wall
What is the diaphragm?
The muscle which forms the floor of the chest cavity
The diaphragm contracts as oxygen enters the lungs
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Air moves into an out of lungs
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchange in the eye
Blood transport auction to the cells and removes carbon dioxide from them
What are changers with age in the respiratory system?
Decrease lung capacity
Breathing becomes slower
Diaphragm becomes weaker
Examples of infectious disorders
Colds
Influenza
Pneumonia
What is influenza?
Highly contagious
Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, cough, and sore throat
What is pneumonia?
Inflammation or infection of the lung
Fluids and mucus pool in the lungs
What is tuberculosis?
Infectious, bacterial disease that commonly attacks the lungs
What are examples of obstructive disorders?
Chronic bronchitis,
chronic obstructive, pulmonary disease,
asthma
What is chronic bronchitis?
Occurs after repeated episodes of bronchitis
Inflamed, breathing passages, combined with mucus, obstruct the flow of air into the lungs, insufficient oxygen
What is COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Disorder that blocks the airways is making breathing difficult
What is apnea?
The lack or absence of breathing
What is Bradypnea?
Slow breathing less than 12 per minute
What is dyspnea?
Difficulty and painful breathing
What is orthopnea?
Shortness of breath when laying flat, but can breathe comfortably only one sitting or standing
What is tachypnea?
Rapid breathing more than 20 per minute
What is cyanosis?
Blueish colour in skin and lips caused by lack of oxygenated blood
What is hypoxia?
Add deficiency of oxygen in cells
What is hypoventilation?
Slow, shallow, irregular, respirations
What is hyperventilation?
Fast deep respirations
What is cheynes Stokes breathing?
Respirations that gradually increase in rate and depth, but become slow and shallow
Breathing may stop for 10 to 20 seconds
What is kussmauls respirations?
Deep and rapid respirations
