Respiratory System

Question 1

Nostrils?

Answer 1

• preferred entrance for outside air because it will FILTER the air and cleans it of foreign matter.
• The nose aids in HUMIDIFYING (moistening and warming) the air.

Question 2

Nasal Cavity?

Answer 2

• GOBLET cells that produce mucus.
• hair-like cells known as CILIA which move in a wave-like motion.
• Together, the mucus and cilia protect the respiratory system by trapping dirt and other particulate matter in the inspired air and brushing it out of the respiratory tract.

Question 3

Pharynx?

Answer 3

The pharynx collects incoming air that is INHALED from the nose and passes it down to the TRACHEA (windpipe)

Question 4

Larynx

Answer 4

• VOCAL CORDS are located.
• produce different pitches of sound by vibrating as air passes through the larynx.

Question 5

EPIGLOTTIS?

Answer 5

prevents food from travelling down the respiratory tract when you swallow.

Question 6

Trachea?

Answer 6

• The trachea is a tube that runs along the front of the throat.
• lined with rings of CARTILAGE that help maintain its shape.
• Choking occurs when food is lodged in the trachea.

Question 7

Bronchi and Bronchioles:

Answer 7

• The trachea bifurcates into two branches, known as the left and right bronchus (bronchi)
• Each bronchus brings air into the lungs and will further branch into smaller bronchioles (this helps increase surface area).
• The bronchial tubes are lined with CILIA that move like a wave to remove contaminants.

Question 8

Lungs?

Answer 8

• There are two lungs that help with inspiration and expiration of air.
• Inside the lungs is where we find little sacs known as alveoli.

Question 9

Alveoli?

Answer 9

• The alveoli are where GAS EXCHANGE occurs.
• These air sacs are very thin and work directly with blood vessels to move gasses in and out of the body.

Question 10

Gas Exchange?

Answer 10

• Gasses are exchanged between the alveoli and blood vessels (capillaries).
• Here, oxygen gas is transferred from the ALVEOLI into the CAPILLARY LUMEN so that it can be transported to the cells of the body.
• Conversely, carbon dioxide gas is transferred from the CAPILLARY LUMEN into the ALVEOLI so that it can be transported to the mouth and nose so it can be removed from the body.