Respiratory System Flashcards
How does inspiration work?
Ribs are pulled upwards abd outwards while muscles contract, increasing the volume inside
How does exhalation work?
Intercostal muscles contract, making ribs move downwards and decrease in volume to push air out
The trachea and bronchi are linked with what?
Epithelial + Goblet cells, preventing unwanted particles getting inside
What are alveoli?
Thin flattened cells that reduce the diffusion distance between the air and the blood
How does a short diffusion pathways enable effective exchanges of gases?
There’s only two layers between cells, and the RBC’s reduce the distance of blood and air more
How does a large surface area enable effective exchanges of gases?
Reduces surface tension, and the goblet cells produce mucus to prevent blockage
What is the pulmonary ventilation rate?
Total volume of air move into lungs per min
What is the tidal volume?
Volume of air inhaled in a single breath at REST
What is the breathing rate?
Number of breaths taken per minute
What is a spirometer and how does it work?
Is a drum inverted over a water chamber, is filled with air and connected to lungs so it can be attached to a recording pen and produce a TRACE
What is COPD?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
