Booklet 1

Question 1

What are nucleic acids made up of?

Answer 1

Nucleotides

Question 2

What are nucleotides made up of?

Answer 2

Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogen Containing Base

Question 3

What does only ATP contan?

Answer 3

Adenine

Question 4

What order does Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine go?

Answer 4

A=T C=G

Question 5

ATP is made up of what?

Answer 5

Phosphate, Ribose Sugar, Adenine Base

Question 6

Why is ATP used as an energy source?

Answer 6

Soluble but cannot leave cell, only requires one bond to be broken, releases energy in small amounts

Question 7

Is RNA single or double stranded?

Answer 7

Single stranded

Question 8

What nucleotide base is only found in RNA

Answer 8

Uracil

Question 9

What is tRNA

Answer 9

Transfer RNA is composed of RNA that is a physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. It does this by carrying an amino acid to the ribosome.

Question 10

What is mRNA

Answer 10

A messenger that transfers genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for transcription

Question 11

What is a ribosome?

Answer 11

Something which performs protein synthesis. They link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of mRNA to form polypeptide chains.

Question 12

Is DNA single or double stranded?

Answer 12

Double stranded

Question 13

What is a codon?

Answer 13

Three nucleotide bases on mRNA which attaches to ribosomes

Question 14

What is a anti-codon?

Answer 14

It converts the codon sequence on mRNA to make a primary structure

Question 15

What is the secondary structure?

Answer 15

Hydrogen bonds, alpha helix

Question 16

What is the tertiary structure?

Answer 16

Amino acids, single polypeptide bond

Question 17

What is transcription?

Answer 17

The process of reading template strands of DNA to creating a complementary strand of mRNA

Question 18

What is splicing?

Answer 18

A process where a new mRNA is transformed into a mature messenger RNA. It works by removing all the introns and splicing back together exons.

Question 19

What is protein synthesis?

Answer 19

The formation of a peptide bond between the carboxyl group at the end of a growing polypeptide chain and a free amino group on an incoming amino acid.