Immune response, dysfunction and treatment of immune disorders Flashcards
What is an antigen?
Molecules that generate an immune response
Where are antigens found?
Pathogens, Infected Body Cells, Cancerous Cells, Toxins
What physical barriers prevent pathogens from entering the body?
Skin, hair, mucus
What chemical defences prevent pathogens from entering the body?
Sweat, saliva, mucus, tears
What is inflammation and how does it help?
Is a localised response to cell + tissue damage, activates phagocytes + initiates tissue repair
What do mast cells do?
Repair and heal
Name two types of WBCs
Basophils + Eosinophils
What do natural killer cells do?
Recognise infected cells and destroy them
What is phagocytosis?
A cell will ingulf and digest molecules.
It starts with activating, tracking the cell, attaching then digesting it.
What are the two lymphocytes?
T and B lymphocytes.
Where are B-lymphocytes made and matured?
Made in the bone marrow, matured in thymus
Where are T-lymphocytes made and matured?
Made AND matured in bone marrow
What are antibodies made up of?
4 polypeptide chains
How many binding sites do antibodies have?
2
What is the primary response?
Occurs when a pathogen enters the body, and the response is slow as it is NEW. Soon antibodies resist it and when they get it again the body knows HOW to deal with them.
