Respiratory System

Question 1

ventilation, or breathing, which is the
movement of air into and out of the
lungs

Answer 1

respiration

Question 2

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the air in the lungs and the blood

Answer 2

oxygen transport

Question 3

consists of the external nose and the nasal
cavity.

Answer 3

nose

Question 4

is the visible structure that forms a prominent feature of the face

Answer 4

external nose

Question 5

are the external openings of the nose,

Answer 5

nostrils

Question 6

are the openings into the pharynx

Answer 6

choanae

Question 7

air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and
water from the mouth pass through here

Answer 7

pharynx (throat)

Question 8

the superior part of the pharynx.

Answer 8

nasopharynx

Question 9

lined with stratified squamous epithelium, which protects against abrasion.

Answer 9

oropharynx

Question 10

passes posterior to the larynx and extends from the tip of the epiglottis to the
esophagus.

Answer 10

laryngopharynx

Question 11

is a passageway for air between the pharynx and the trachea.

Answer 11

larynx (voice box)

Question 12

unpaired cartilage of larynx

Answer 12

Thyroid Cartilage or Adam’s apple
Cricoid Cartilage
Epiglottis

Question 13

helps prevent swallowed materials from entering the larynx.

Answer 13

epiglottis

Question 14

paired cartilages of larynx

Answer 14

Cuneiform
Corniculate
Arytenoid

Question 15

membranous tube attached to the larynx.

Answer 15

trachea (wind pipe)

Question 16

trachea division

Answer 16

left and right main bronchi

Question 17

helps hold the tube system open (from the
trachea to the bronchioles).

Answer 17

cartilage

Question 18

controls the diameter of the tubes

Answer 18

smooth muscle

Question 19

they facilitate diffusion of gases.

Answer 19

alveoli

Question 20

surround the lungs and provide protection
against friction.

Answer 20

pleural membranes

Question 21

Superficial and deep lymphatic vessels
drain the lungs.

Answer 21

lymphatic supply

Question 22

importance of pleural cavities

Answer 22

a. Protection and Lubrication
b. Maintaining Lung Shape
c. Preventing Lung Collapse
d. Isolation of infections

Question 23

breathing; is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs.

Answer 23

ventilation

Question 24

two phases of ventilation

Answer 24

a. Inspiration or inhalation
b. Expiration or exhalation

Question 25

is the volume of air inspired or expired with
each breath.

Answer 25

tidal

Question 26

is the amount of air that can be inspired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Answer 26

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 27

is the amount of air that can be expired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Answer 27

expiratory reserve volume

Question 28

is the volume of air still remaining in the
respiratory passages and lungs after maximum expiration

Answer 28

residual volume

Question 29

Step by Step explanation of Gas exchange

Answer 29

• Ventilation (Breathing)
• Alveolar Gas Exchange
• Oxygen Transport
• Cellular Dioxide Transport
• Carbon Dioxide Transport
• Alveolar Gas Exchange

Question 30

oxygen transport

Answer 30

Most (98.5%) O2 is transported bound to hemoglobin.

Question 31

establishes rhythmic breathing.

Answer 31

medullary respiratory center, specifically the pre-Bötzinger complex,

Question 32

inhibits the respiratory center when the lungs are stretched during inspiration.

Answer 32

Hering-Breuer reflex

Question 33

is the major chemical regulator of breathing

Answer 33

carbon dioxide

Question 34

respond to changes in blood pH

Answer 34

Chemoreceptors