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AnaPhy > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Plays a vital supporting role to both circulatory and immune systems as it also performs several
essential functions in the body.

A

lymphatic system

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2
Q

Maintains fluid balance in tissues, absorbs lipids from the small intestine, and defends against
pathogens.

A

lymphatic system

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3
Q

lymphatic system parts

A

lymph, lymphocytes, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the tonsils, the spleen, and the thymus

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4
Q

small, closed-ended vessels with
simple squamous epithelium, making them more permeable than blood capillaries due to their lack of a basement membrane.

A

lymphatic capillaries

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5
Q

resemble small veins

A

lymphatic vessels

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6
Q

beaded appearance because they have one-way valves that are similar to the valves of veins

A

small lymphatic vessels

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7
Q

lymphatic organs

A

tonsils, the lymph nodes, the spleen, and the thymus.

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8
Q

tonsil divisions

A

palatine tonsils, pharyngeal tonsils, and lingual tonsils.

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9
Q

rounded structures, varying from the size of a small seed to that of a shelled almond.

A

lymph nodes

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10
Q

three superficial aggregations

A

inguinal nodes in the groin, axillary nodes in
the axilla (armpit), and cervical nodes in the neck.

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11
Q

filters blood instead of lymph; blood reservoir

A

spleen

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12
Q

bilobed gland roughly triangular in shape; site for the maturation of a class of lymphocytes
called T cells

A

thymus

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13
Q

the ability to resist damage from pathogens, harmful chemicals released by microorganisms; and internal threats.

A

immunity

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14
Q

the body recognizes and destroys certain
pathogens, but the response to them is the same each time the body is exposed.

A

innate immunity

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15
Q

the body recognizes and destroys pathogens, but the response to them improves each time the pathogen is encountered.

A

adaptive immunity

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16
Q

prevent pathogens and chemicals from entering
the body

A

physical barriers

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17
Q

a thin, clear membrane that protects your eye; creates the mucus layer that forms part of
your tears.

A

conjunctiva

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18
Q

molecules responsible for many aspects of innate immunity.

A

chemical mediators

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19
Q

kills certain bacteria

A

lysozyme in tears and saliva

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20
Q

prevents the entry of some pathogens

A

mucus on the mucous membrane

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21
Q

part of the immediate, early phase of the inflammatory response.

A

histamine

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22
Q

a group of more than 20 proteins found in plasma, acts as a potent chemical mediator in the immune response.

A

complement

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23
Q

modulate the inflammatory response

A

prostaglandins

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24
Q

lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid, a fatty acid which contribute to the recruitment and activation of immune cells at the site of inflammation

A

leukotrienes

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25
Q

are proteins that protect the body against viral infections.

A

interferons

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26
Q

most important cellular components of immunity.

A

white blood cells

27
Q

movement of white blood cells toward these chemicals

A

chemotaxis

28
Q

a type of white blood cell that is specialized in
engulfing and digesting foreign particles, such as bacteria, dead cells, and other debris.

A

phagocytic cells

29
Q

the ingestion and destruction of particles by cells called phagocytosis

A

phagocytosis

30
Q

are small phagocytic cells that are usually the first cells to enter infected tissues from the
blood in large numbers.

A

neutrophils

31
Q

They die after phagocytizing a single microorganism.

A

neutrophils

32
Q
A
33
Q

an accumulation of fluid, dead neutrophils, and other cells at a site of infection.

A

pus

34
Q

are monocytes that leave the blood, enter tissues, and enlarge about fivefold.

A

macrophages

35
Q

are derived from red bone marrow, are
motile white blood cells that can leave
the blood and enter infected tissues.

A

basophils

36
Q

are also derived from red bone marrow,
are nonmotile cells in connective tissue, especially near capillaries.

A

mast cells

37
Q

also participate in inflammation
associated with allergies and asthma.

A

eosinophils

38
Q

a type of lymphocyte produced in red bone marrow; recognize classes of cells; innate immunity; use a variety of methods to kill their target cells

A

natural killer cells

39
Q

a complex and protective biological reaction
that occurs in the body in response to various
stimuli

A

inflammatory response

40
Q

is an inflammatory response confined to a specific area of the body.

A

local inflammation

41
Q

is an inflammatory response that is
generally distributed throughout the body.

A

systemic inflammation

42
Q

Exhibits specificity and memory.

A

adaptive immunity

43
Q

are substances that stimulate adaptive immune responses.

A

antigens

44
Q

from outside the body

A

foreign antigens

45
Q

molecules the body produces to stimulate an
immune system response.

A

self-antigens

46
Q

a group of lymphocytes called B cells and
proteins called antibodies which are found in
the plasma.

A

antibody-mediated immunity

47
Q

involves the actions of a second type of
lymphocyte, called T cells.

A

cell-mediated immunity

48
Q

Move to lymphatic tissue
from processing sites and
continually circulate.

A

B and T Cells

49
Q

glycoproteins of cell

surfaces

A

MHC molecules

50
Q

Display antigens on surface of nucleated cells, resulting in destruction of cells

A

class I

51
Q

Display antigens on surface of antigen-presenting cells, resulting in activation of immune cells

A

class II

52
Q

is a protein in the body that helps regulate the immune system by promoting the growth and activity of certain immune cells, particularly T
cells

A

interleukin-2

53
Q

are like docking points on immune cells.

A

interleukin-2 receptors

54
Q

also called gamma globulins or immunoglobulins.

A

antibodies

55
Q

function of cytotoxic T cells and is most
effective against microorganisms that live
inside body cells.

A

cell-mediated immunity

56
Q

Acquired by an individual in due course of time

A

acquired immunity

57
Q

an organism causing disease to its host, with the
severity of the disease symptoms referred to as
virulence.

A

pathogens

58
Q

Immunity developed by our own immune system in response to exposure to a pathogen.

A

active immunity

59
Q

treats disease by altering immune system function or by directly attacking harmful
cells.

A

immunotherapy

60
Q

results from natural exposure to an antigen

A

active natural immunity

61
Q

an antigen is deliberately introduced into an individual to stimulate the immune system.

A

active artificial immunity; vaccination

62
Q

occurs when another person or an animal develops immunity and the immunity is transferred to a nonimmune individual.

A

passive immunity

63
Q

results when antibodies are transferred from a mother to her child across the placenta before birth.

A

passive natural immunity

64
Q

Antibodies produced by another person

A

passive artificial immunity

AnaPhy (6 decks)

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