respiratory system Flashcards
what is the function of the respiratory system
oxygen is brought in and carbon dioxide is removed from each cell
what are the 4 stages in the respiratory system
- breathing
- external respiration
- internal respiration
- cellular respiration
what is external respiration
exchange between lungs and blood
what is internal respiration
exchange between blood and cells
what are the 2 requirements for respiratory surfaces
- must be large enough to exchange gas fast enough
- must be moist so that gases can dissolve
what are 3 types of respiratory systems
- skin
- gills
- tracheal system
what are some characteristics of a skin type respiratory system
- outer skin is used
- must live in moist environments
what are some characteristics of gill type respiratory systems
- folds on the body surface
- live in water
what are some characteristics of tracheal type respiratory systems
- internal system of branching tubes
- large animals typically have this type for better gas exchange
- lungs are moist
what does the upper respiratory tract consist of
- nose
- naval cavity
- soft palate
- pharynx
- epiglottis
- larynx
- trachea
what does the lower respiratory tract consist of
- bronchi (trachea that branches into two tubes, sin. bronchus)
- plural membrane (covers the lungs)
- bronchioles (microscopic branching off from each bronchus)
- alveoli (clusters at the end of bronchiole, sin. alveolus)
how many lobes does the left lung have
2
how many lobes does the right lung have
3
how many alveoli are in each lung
500 million
what surrounds each alveoli
capillaries
