Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy II > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What epithelium is found in the nasal cavity?

A

Psuedostratified epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structure helps circulate air in the nasal epithelium?

A

The nasal conchae
(Inferior, middle, and superior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What membrane covers the conchae?

A

Mucus membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name 2 ducts that drain into that nasal cavity

A

Nasolacrimal & perinatal sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 4 paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What structures are connected by the nasolacrimal duct

A

The eye and nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is connected by the internal Nares?

A

The nasal cavity & the pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 parts of the pharynx

A

Naso-, oro-, laryngo-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What epithelium is in the oro & laryngopharynx?

A

Stratified squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What tonsil is in the nasopharynx?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What tonsil is in the oropharynx?

A

Palatine tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the auditory tube?

A

Equalizes pressure in the middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 3 single cartilages

A

Thyroid
Cricoid
Epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 3 paired cartilages

A

Arytenoid
Corniculate
Cuniform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of epiglottis? Tissues of the epiglottis?

A

Closes when swallowing,
Elastic cartilage with mucus membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The vocal cords connect with the _____ cartilage anteriorly and the ___ cartilage posteriorly

A

Thyroid, arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Are the false vocal cords superior or inferior to the true vocal cords

A

Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epithelium in the trachea? What cartilage is in the trachea?

A

Ciliated Psuedostratified epithelium with the hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is there a C shape cartilage in the trachea

A

Keep trachea from collapsing & helps with esophagus expansion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What’s the carina?

A

The ridge that separates the right and left bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The right lung has __ lobes and the left has ___ lobes

A

3, 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The secondary bronchi supply a __ of the lung

A

Lobe
(The right lung has 3 secondary bronchi and the left has 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The tertiary bronchi supply a ___ of a ___ of a lung

A

Segment, lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How does the wall of bronchi change?

A

Less cartilage & gains smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define respiratory zone

A

Includes alveoli only, where O2 enters the blood and CO2 enters the alveolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define conducting zone

A

Includes all other parts of the respiratory tract, no gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Epithelium in the alveoli?

A

Simple squamous with connective tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What characteristics could compromise the respiratory membrane?

A

1 The thickness of the membrane
2 The surface area is compromised
3 The solubility of the gases
4 the gas concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Purpose of septal cells

A

Make surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What’s surfactant? What components are found in?

A

Phospholipid reduces surface tension,
Includes proteins cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Right lungs 3 lobes? What separates the sup. & middle lobes?
What separates the middle and inf. lobes?

A

1 Superior, inferior, and middle
2 horizontal
3 oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What fissure separates the left lungs lobes?

A

Oblique fissure

33
Q

Define hilum, name 3 structures

A

Groove that allows the passage of structures in the lung
(Bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymphatics)

34
Q

Name the 2 blood supplies I’m the lung

A

Pulmonary circulation- blood in lung to be oxygenated
Bronchial circulation- blood in lung from aorta to bring oxygen to lung tissue.

35
Q

Name 3 structures in the space b/t the lungs

A

Heart, thymus, trachea

36
Q

The plexus has what membrane and tissues?

A

Serous membrane with connective and areolar tissues

37
Q

The partial pleura connects to what?

A

Diaphragm

38
Q

The visceral pleura connects to the what?

A

Surface of the lungs

39
Q

The pleural pressure is higher/lower than the atmosphere pressure

A

Lower
( it’s negative pressure)

40
Q

Define pneumothorax

A

A fully collapsed lung bc air leaks to the pleural cavity

41
Q

Define atelectasis

A

A partially collapsed lung caused by a blockage of air

42
Q

Name the 3 processes in the respiratory system, define each

A

Pulmonary ventilation- inhale and exhale

External respiration- exchange of gases b/t alveoli and capillaries

Internal respiration- exchange of gases b/t the capillaries and tissues

43
Q

Average breaths per minute

A

12-16 per min.

44
Q

While inhalation the pressure on the outside is ___ than the inside

A

Greater

45
Q

While expiration the pressure in the inside is ____ than the outside

A

Greater

46
Q

What muscles
Contract to make the thorax larger?

A

Diaphragm
External inter coastal

47
Q

What nerve inner ages the diaphragm? How many are there?

A

The oh remix never, 2

48
Q

Define TV, normal range

A

Amount of air normally inhaled or exhaled, 500 mL

49
Q

Define ERV, normal range

A

The additional air that can be exhaled
After TV, 1200 mL

50
Q

Define IRV, normal range

A

Additional air that can be taken in after the TV, 3000 mL

51
Q

Define VC, normal?

A

Total exchangeable air, 4700 mL
VC= IRV + TV + ERV

52
Q

Define residual volume, normal?

A

Air in the lungs that cannot be exchanged, 1200 mL

53
Q

MVR formula

A

BPM x TV

54
Q

AVR formula

A

BPM x (TV - dead air space)

55
Q

Define partial pressure

A

Pressure contributed by a single gas in a mix of gases

56
Q

Partial pressure of O2 oxygenated and deoxygenated

A

Oxygen- 105
Deoxygenated- 40

57
Q

Partial pressure of CO2 oxygenated and deoxygenated

A

Oxygen- 40
Deoxygenated- 45

58
Q

Ventilation defined

A

Air movement to and from the air sacs

59
Q

Define perfusion

A

Blood flow around air sacs

60
Q

Name 2 ways O2 travels

A

Hemoglobin
Dissolved in plasma (3%)

61
Q

3 causes for a right shift in the O2 sat curve

A

Low pH
High CO2
High temp

62
Q

3 causes for a left shift in the O2 sat curve

A

High pH
low temp
Low CO2

63
Q

Equation for the reaction of CO2 and water

A

CO2+H2O<—>H2CO3<—>H+HCO3-

64
Q

Name 3 ways CO2 is transported in the blood

A

70% as bicarb
23% as carbaminohemoglobin
7% dissolved in plasma

65
Q

What enzyme catalyzes the reaction of CO2 and water?

A

Carbonic anhydrase

66
Q

Hyperventilation leads to ____ which is a ___ in CO2

A

Hypocapnia, decrease

67
Q

Hypoventilation leads to ____ which is a ___ in CO2 in the blood

A

Hypercapnia, increase

68
Q

What’s the function of false vocal cords

A

Increase abdominal pressure& close airway

69
Q

Significance of bronchioles in the lungs?

A

Determine BP like arterioles

70
Q

Components of the respiratory membrane

A

Alveolar and capillary walls

71
Q

Term of difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

72
Q

Define compliance

A

Amount of stretch

73
Q

How can airway resistance be increased

A

Bronchiole constrict

74
Q

What medicine decreases airway resistance

A

Adrenaline

75
Q

Why is carbon monoxide poisoning soo deadly

A

It binds easier than oxygen

76
Q

Where is respiration controlled

A

Medulla and pons

77
Q

What part of the brain controls bpm

A

DRG

78
Q

What part of the brain affects rate of breathing

A

VRG

Anatomy II (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions