Respiratory System

Question 1

Primary functions

Answer 1

• To provide oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration
• Remove the waste product carbon dioxide
• Help to maintain acid-base balance

Question 2

Secondary functions

Answer 2

• Sensing odors
• Speech production
• Straining (during childbirth or coughing)

Question 3

Conducting zone

Answer 3

Moves air in/out of lungs

Question 4

Respiratory system

Answer 4

Moves gases in/out go blood

Question 5

Nose

Answer 5

The major entrance and exit for the respiratory system .

Question 6

Pharynx

Answer 6

The part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and superior to the esophagus and larynx

Question 7

Larynx

Answer 7

The cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the trachea and helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs

Question 8

Trachea

Answer 8

A tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air

Question 9

Alveolar duct

Answer 9

A tube composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, which opens into a cluster of alveoli

Question 10

Alveolus

Answer 10

One of the many small, grape-like sacs that are attached to the alveolar ducts

Question 11

Alveolar sac

Answer 11

A cluster of many individual alveoli that are responsible for gas exchange

Question 12

Boyle’s Law (formula)

Answer 12

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 13

Boyle’s Law (text explanation)

Answer 13

Pressure and volume are inversely related

Question 14

Inspiration

Answer 14

The process of taking air into the lungs

Question 15

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 15

The control center that tells us to breathe

Question 16

Eupnea

Answer 16

Quiet breathing, also known as eupnea, is a mode of breathing that occurs at rest and does not require the cognitive thought of the individual

Question 17

Diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 17

A deep breath, called diaphragmatic breathing, requires the diaphragm to contract. As the diaphragm relaxes, air passively leaves the lungs. A shallow breath, called costal breathing, requires contraction of the intercostal muscles

Question 18

Hyperpnea

Answer 18

Forced breathing, also known as hyperpnea, is a mode of breathing that can occur during exercise or actions that require the active manipulation of breathing, such as singing

Question 19

Diaphragm

Answer 19

This is the main breathing muscle. A signal is sent from the brain, and the diaphragm contracts and flattens, thereby increasing the space in the thoracic cavity.

Question 20

Expiration

Answer 20

The process of letting air out of the lungs during the breathing cycle

Question 21

Atelectasis

Answer 21

A condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are either partially or totally collapsed

Question 22

Pneumonia

Answer 22

A lung infection that can be caused by either viruses, fungi, protists, or bacteria

Question 23

Asthma

Answer 23

A condition in which the body reacts to an allergy by causing constriction of the airways of the lungs

Question 24

Emphysema

Answer 24

The alveolar air sacs are destroyed and the lung itself becomes “floppy”, much like a balloon that has been inflated and deflated too many times

Question 25

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 25

Inflamed airways and large amounts of sputum are being produced

Question 26

Pneumothorax

Answer 26

Air inside the thoracic cavity and outside the lungs

Question 27

Tuberculosis

Answer 27

Bacterial infection that thrives in areas of the body that have high oxygen content