Muscular System Flashcards
Types of muscle tissue and location in body
- Skeletal Muscle (voluntary): Compose skeletal muscle
- Cardiac Muscle (involuntary): Found in the heart
- Smooth Muscle (involuntary): Hollow organs such as the bladder, stomach, uterus, intestines, and passageways of circulatory system
Properties of muscles
- Exicability: Able to send electrical waves along the entire length
- Elasticity: Having the ability to recoil back to its original length
- Extensibility: Allows muscles to stretch or extend
- Contractility: Allows muscles to pull on its attachment and shorten
Fascicle
The muscle fibers that are arranged in bundles
Epimysium
Outermost layer, surrounds entire muscle
Sarcolemma
Muscle fiber membrane
Myofibril
Individual parallel muscle fibers (made up of actin and myosin)
Sarcoplasm
Inner material surrounding the myofibril (equivalent to the cell’s cytoplasm)
Actin
Thin filaments
Myosin
Thick filaments
Subclavius
Stabilizes clavicle during movement by depressing it. Target motion- depression
Serratus Anterior
Moves arm from side of body to front of body; assists with inhalation. Target motion- Scapula: protracts ribs; elevates
Trapezius
Elevates shoulders (shrugging); pulls shoulder blades together; tilts head backwards. Target motion- Scapula: retracts, elevates and depresses
Rhomboid Major
Stabilizes scapula during pectoral girdle movement. Target motion- retracts; rotates inferiorly
Pectoralis Major
Brings elbows together, moves elbow up (as during an uppercut punch). Target motion- flexion; adduction, medial rotation
Latissimus Dorsi
Moves elbows back (as in elbowing someone standing behind you); spreads elbows apart. Target motion- Humerus: extension, adduction and medial rotation