Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Types of muscle tissue and location in body

A
  1. Skeletal Muscle (voluntary): Compose skeletal muscle
  2. Cardiac Muscle (involuntary): Found in the heart
  3. Smooth Muscle (involuntary): Hollow organs such as the bladder, stomach, uterus, intestines, and passageways of circulatory system
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2
Q

Properties of muscles

A
  1. Exicability: Able to send electrical waves along the entire length
  2. Elasticity: Having the ability to recoil back to its original length
  3. Extensibility: Allows muscles to stretch or extend
  4. Contractility: Allows muscles to pull on its attachment and shorten
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3
Q

Fascicle

A

The muscle fibers that are arranged in bundles

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4
Q

Epimysium

A

Outermost layer, surrounds entire muscle

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5
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Muscle fiber membrane

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6
Q

Myofibril

A

Individual parallel muscle fibers (made up of actin and myosin)

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7
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Inner material surrounding the myofibril (equivalent to the cell’s cytoplasm)

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8
Q

Actin

A

Thin filaments

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9
Q

Myosin

A

Thick filaments

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10
Q

Subclavius

A

Stabilizes clavicle during movement by depressing it. Target motion- depression

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11
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Moves arm from side of body to front of body; assists with inhalation. Target motion- Scapula: protracts ribs; elevates

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12
Q

Trapezius

A

Elevates shoulders (shrugging); pulls shoulder blades together; tilts head backwards. Target motion- Scapula: retracts, elevates and depresses

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

Stabilizes scapula during pectoral girdle movement. Target motion- retracts; rotates inferiorly

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14
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Brings elbows together, moves elbow up (as during an uppercut punch). Target motion- flexion; adduction, medial rotation

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15
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Moves elbows back (as in elbowing someone standing behind you); spreads elbows apart. Target motion- Humerus: extension, adduction and medial rotation

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16
Q

Deltoid

A

Lifts arms at the shoulder. Target motion- Abduction; flexion; extension medial and lateral rotation

17
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Rotates the elbow outwards, as during a tennis swing. Target motion- Abduction

18
Q

Teres Major

A

Assists the infraspinatus in rotating the elbow outwards

19
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Performs a bicep curl; also allows palm of hand to point toward body while flexing. Target motion- flexion; supination

20
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Extends forearm, as during a punch. Target motion- extension

21
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Turns hand palm-down. Target motion- Pronation

22
Q

Supinator

A

Turns hand palm-up. Target motion- Supination

23
Q

Perimysium

A

Separates and surronds fascicles

24
Q

Endomysium

A

Surrounds each individual muscle fiber