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Medical Terminology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

alveol/o

A

alveoli

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2
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchi

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3
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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4
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

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5
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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6
Q

ox/i, ox/o, ox/y

A

oxygen

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7
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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8
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura, side of the body

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9
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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10
Q

pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu-

A

lung, air

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11
Q

pulm/o, pulmon/o

A

lung

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12
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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13
Q

thorac/o, -thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

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14
Q

trache/o, trachea

A

trachea, windpipe

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15
Q

alveoli

A

air sacs that exchange gases with pulmonary capillary blood

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16
Q

anoxia

A

absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs despite adequate blood flow
Irreversible brain damage after 4-6 minutes

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17
Q

antitussive

A

medication to prevent or relieve coughing

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18
Q

asphyxia

A

loss of consciousness when the body doesn’t get enough oxygen to function
causes: choking, suffocation, drowning, or gas inhalation like carbon monoxide

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19
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to blockage of air passages or pneumothorax
AKA collapsed lung

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20
Q

bradypnea

A

abnormally low respiration

less than 10 breaths/min

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21
Q

bronchodilator

A

medication that relaxes and expands bronchial passages into the lungs

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22
Q

bronchorrhea

A

excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

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23
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of bronchi using a bronchoscope (a flexible, fiber-optic device)

24
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

25
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

AKA SOB

26
Q

empyema

A

a collection of pus in a body cavity

27
Q

epistaxis

A

nose-bleed

maybe caused by dry air, injury, blood thinners, or hypertension

28
Q

hemoptysis

A

expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum

29
Q

hemothorax

A

collection of blood in the pleural cavity

caused by chest trauma, disease or surgery

30
Q

hypercapnia

A

abnormal build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood

31
Q

hyperpnea

A

deeper and more respirations

32
Q

hypopnea

A

shallow or slow respirations

33
Q

hypoxemia

A

having low oxygen levels in the blood, usually due to respiratory disorders or heart conditions

34
Q

hypoxia

A

condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs
less severe than anoxia
causes: head trauma, CO poisoning, suffocation and high altitude

35
Q

laryngectomy

A

surgical removal of the larynx

36
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

37
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope through the mouth

38
Q

mediastinum

A

middle section of the chest cavity, located between the lungs
contains connective tissue, the heart, heart veins and arteries, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, thymus, and lymph nodes

39
Q

otolaryngologist

A

ENT - diseases and disorders of the head and neck

40
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

AKA sore throat

41
Q

phlegm

A

thick mucus secreted by tissues lining the respiratory passages

42
Q

pleurodynia

A

pain in the pleura or in the side

43
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical removal of part or all of a lung

44
Q

pneumonia

A

serious inflammation of the lungs, alveoli and air passages fill with pus and fluids

45
Q

pneumothorax

A

accumulation of air in the pleural space, which leads to pressure imbalances
causes: external wound through the chest wall or lung disease-related rupture in the pleura allowing air to leak into the pleural space

46
Q

pulmonologist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disease and disorders of the respiratory system

47
Q

pyothorax

A

AKA empyema of the pleura cavity

presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane

48
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

49
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid respiration rate

greater than 20 breaths/min

50
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid (pleural effusion) or air (pneumothorax) from the pleural cavity

51
Q

thoracotomy

A

surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

52
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing

53
Q

stoma

A

surgically created opening on the body’s surface

54
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage
an emergency

55
Q

thoracotomy

A

used to gain access to the lungs, heart, esophagus, diaphragm and other organs

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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