Respiratory System Flashcards
alveol/o
alveoli
bronch/o, bronchi/o
bronchi
epiglott/o
epiglottis
laryng/o
larynx
nas/o
nose
ox/i, ox/o, ox/y
oxygen
pharyng/o
pharynx, throat
pleur/o
pleura, side of the body
-pnea
breathing
pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu-
lung, air
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lung
sinus/o
sinus
thorac/o, -thorax
pleural cavity, chest
trache/o, trachea
trachea, windpipe
alveoli
air sacs that exchange gases with pulmonary capillary blood
anoxia
absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs despite adequate blood flow
Irreversible brain damage after 4-6 minutes
antitussive
medication to prevent or relieve coughing
asphyxia
loss of consciousness when the body doesn’t get enough oxygen to function
causes: choking, suffocation, drowning, or gas inhalation like carbon monoxide
atelectasis
incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to blockage of air passages or pneumothorax
AKA collapsed lung
bradypnea
abnormally low respiration
less than 10 breaths/min
bronchodilator
medication that relaxes and expands bronchial passages into the lungs
bronchorrhea
excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi
bronchoscopy
visual examination of bronchi using a bronchoscope (a flexible, fiber-optic device)
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing
AKA SOB
empyema
a collection of pus in a body cavity
epistaxis
nose-bleed
maybe caused by dry air, injury, blood thinners, or hypertension
hemoptysis
expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum
hemothorax
collection of blood in the pleural cavity
caused by chest trauma, disease or surgery
hypercapnia
abnormal build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood
hyperpnea
deeper and more respirations
hypopnea
shallow or slow respirations
hypoxemia
having low oxygen levels in the blood, usually due to respiratory disorders or heart conditions
hypoxia
condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs
less severe than anoxia
causes: head trauma, CO poisoning, suffocation and high altitude
laryngectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope through the mouth
mediastinum
middle section of the chest cavity, located between the lungs
contains connective tissue, the heart, heart veins and arteries, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, thymus, and lymph nodes
otolaryngologist
ENT - diseases and disorders of the head and neck
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx
AKA sore throat
phlegm
thick mucus secreted by tissues lining the respiratory passages
pleurodynia
pain in the pleura or in the side
pneumonectomy
surgical removal of part or all of a lung
pneumonia
serious inflammation of the lungs, alveoli and air passages fill with pus and fluids
pneumothorax
accumulation of air in the pleural space, which leads to pressure imbalances
causes: external wound through the chest wall or lung disease-related rupture in the pleura allowing air to leak into the pleural space
pulmonologist
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disease and disorders of the respiratory system
pyothorax
AKA empyema of the pleura cavity
presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses
tachypnea
abnormally rapid respiration rate
greater than 20 breaths/min
thoracentesis
surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid (pleural effusion) or air (pneumothorax) from the pleural cavity
thoracotomy
surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment
tracheostomy
surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing
stoma
surgically created opening on the body’s surface
tracheotomy
incision made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage
an emergency
thoracotomy
used to gain access to the lungs, heart, esophagus, diaphragm and other organs
