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Medical Terminology > Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology > Flashcards

Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

albumin/o

A

albumin, protein

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2
Q

calc/i

A

calcium, lime, the heel

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3
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

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4
Q

glycos/o

A

glucose, sugar

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5
Q

-graphy

A

process of producing a picture or record

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6
Q

hemat/o

A

blood, relating to blood

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7
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen, abdomenal wall

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8
Q

-otomy

A

cutting, surgical incision

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9
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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10
Q

-scope

A

instrument for visual examination

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11
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

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12
Q

-uria

A

urination, urine

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13
Q

analgesic

A

class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness (NSAIDs, aspirin)

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14
Q

antipyretic

A

medication administered to prevent or reduce fever

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15
Q

auscultation

A

listening for sounds within the body

usually done with a stethoscope

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16
Q

bacteriuria

A

presence of bacteria in the urine

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17
Q

calciuria

A

presence of calcium in the urine

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18
Q

compliance

A

patient’s consistency and accuracy in following the regimen prescribed by a physician or other healthcare professional

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19
Q

contraindication

A

factor in patient’s condition that makes the use of a medication or specific treatment dangerous or il advised

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20
Q

creatinuria

A

increased concentration of creatinine in the urine
*creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is normally removed by the kidneys. Excess indication an increase in muscle breakdown or disruption of kidney function

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21
Q

endoscope

A

small, flexible tube with a light and lens on the end (fiberoptic instrument)

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22
Q

glycosuria

A

presence of glucose in the urine

most commonly caused by untreated DM

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23
Q

hematocrit

A

describes the percentage by volume of a blood sample occupied by RBCs
diagnoses abnormal hydration states, anemia, and polycythemia

24
Q

hematuria

A

presence of blood in the urine

can be caused by kidney stones, infection, kidney damage, or bladder cancer

25
Q

hyperthermia

A

extremely high fever

26
Q

hypothermia

A

abnormally low body temperature

27
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

an unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual

28
Q

interventional radiology

A

use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure (ie biopsy)

used to confirm the placement of inserted object like a stent or feeding tube

29
Q

intradermal injection

A

made into middle layers of the skin

30
Q

intravenous injection

A

made directly into the vein

31
Q

ketonuria

A

presence of ketones in urine

ketones are formed when the body breaks down fat and their presence can indicate starvation or uncontrolled diabetes

32
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominal interior with a laparoscope through a small incision in the abdominal wall

33
Q

lithotomy position

A

the patient is lying on their back, face up with feet and legs raised, supported in stirrups

34
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

35
Q

otoscope

A

instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

36
Q

palliative

A

substance that eases the pain or severity of symptoms of a disease but doesn’t treat it

37
Q

parenteral

A

taken into the body or administered in a manner other than through the digestive tract (ie injection)

38
Q

percussion

A

diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingertips

39
Q

perfusion

A

the flow of blood through an organ

40
Q

pericardiocentesis

A

puncture of the pericardial sac to remove fluid

treatment for pericarditis

41
Q

phlebotomy

A

AKA venipuncture

puncture of a vein to draw blood

42
Q

placebo

A

inactive substance (sugar pill or liquid) that’s administered only for its suggestive effects

43
Q

prone position

A

patient is lying on abdomen, face down

44
Q

proteinuria

A

abnormal amount of protein in the urine

usually a sign of kidney disease

45
Q

pyuria

A

presence of pus in the urine

gives a turbid (smokey, cloudy) appearance

46
Q

radiolucent

A

substance (ie air or nitrogen gas) that allows x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film

47
Q

radiopaque

A

a substance that does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film

48
Q

recumbent

A

any position in which the patient is lying down; back, front, or side
=decubitus in radiography

49
Q

Sims’ position

A

patient is lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up and left arm is along the back
for examination and treatment of the rectal area

50
Q

speculum

A

an instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity, especially the vagina, to facilitate inspection of its interior

51
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

an instrument used to measure blood pressure

52
Q

stethoscope

A

an instrument used to listen to sounds within the body

53
Q

subcutaneous injection

A

SC

made into the fatty layer just below the skin

54
Q

transdermal

A

medication administered from a patch applied to unbroken skin, continuously released by the patch and absorbed through the skin and transmitted to the bloodstream leading to a systemic effect
ie. nitroglycerin for angina, hormones, nicotine

55
Q

urinalysis

A

examination of physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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