Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology Flashcards
albumin/o
albumin, protein
calc/i
calcium, lime, the heel
-centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid
glycos/o
glucose, sugar
-graphy
process of producing a picture or record
hemat/o
blood, relating to blood
lapar/o
abdomen, abdomenal wall
-otomy
cutting, surgical incision
phleb/o
vein
-scope
instrument for visual examination
-scopy
visual examination
-uria
urination, urine
analgesic
class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness (NSAIDs, aspirin)
antipyretic
medication administered to prevent or reduce fever
auscultation
listening for sounds within the body
usually done with a stethoscope
bacteriuria
presence of bacteria in the urine
calciuria
presence of calcium in the urine
compliance
patient’s consistency and accuracy in following the regimen prescribed by a physician or other healthcare professional
contraindication
factor in patient’s condition that makes the use of a medication or specific treatment dangerous or il advised
creatinuria
increased concentration of creatinine in the urine
*creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is normally removed by the kidneys. Excess indication an increase in muscle breakdown or disruption of kidney function
endoscope
small, flexible tube with a light and lens on the end (fiberoptic instrument)
glycosuria
presence of glucose in the urine
most commonly caused by untreated DM
hematocrit
describes the percentage by volume of a blood sample occupied by RBCs
diagnoses abnormal hydration states, anemia, and polycythemia
hematuria
presence of blood in the urine
can be caused by kidney stones, infection, kidney damage, or bladder cancer
hyperthermia
extremely high fever
hypothermia
abnormally low body temperature
idiosyncratic reaction
an unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual
interventional radiology
use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure (ie biopsy)
used to confirm the placement of inserted object like a stent or feeding tube
intradermal injection
made into middle layers of the skin
intravenous injection
made directly into the vein
ketonuria
presence of ketones in urine
ketones are formed when the body breaks down fat and their presence can indicate starvation or uncontrolled diabetes
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal interior with a laparoscope through a small incision in the abdominal wall
lithotomy position
the patient is lying on their back, face up with feet and legs raised, supported in stirrups
ophthalmoscope
an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
otoscope
instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane
palliative
substance that eases the pain or severity of symptoms of a disease but doesn’t treat it
parenteral
taken into the body or administered in a manner other than through the digestive tract (ie injection)
percussion
diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingertips
perfusion
the flow of blood through an organ
pericardiocentesis
puncture of the pericardial sac to remove fluid
treatment for pericarditis
phlebotomy
AKA venipuncture
puncture of a vein to draw blood
placebo
inactive substance (sugar pill or liquid) that’s administered only for its suggestive effects
prone position
patient is lying on abdomen, face down
proteinuria
abnormal amount of protein in the urine
usually a sign of kidney disease
pyuria
presence of pus in the urine
gives a turbid (smokey, cloudy) appearance
radiolucent
substance (ie air or nitrogen gas) that allows x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film
radiopaque
a substance that does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film
recumbent
any position in which the patient is lying down; back, front, or side
=decubitus in radiography
Sims’ position
patient is lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up and left arm is along the back
for examination and treatment of the rectal area
speculum
an instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity, especially the vagina, to facilitate inspection of its interior
sphygmomanometer
an instrument used to measure blood pressure
stethoscope
an instrument used to listen to sounds within the body
subcutaneous injection
SC
made into the fatty layer just below the skin
transdermal
medication administered from a patch applied to unbroken skin, continuously released by the patch and absorbed through the skin and transmitted to the bloodstream leading to a systemic effect
ie. nitroglycerin for angina, hormones, nicotine
urinalysis
examination of physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements
