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RUSVM Large Animal Surgery 2017 > Respiratory surgery > Flashcards

Respiratory surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for respiratory surgery

A 
Exercise intolerance 
Poor performance
abnormal respiratory noise 
Mucopurulent nasal discharge 
Serosanguinous nasal discharge 
External distortion of facial region
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2
Q

What is the clinical sign for Redundant alar folds?

A

Expiratory noise

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3
Q

Treatment for Redundant alar fold

A

Large temporary mattress suture

Surgery: Lateral or dorsal recumbency, carmalt forceps

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4
Q

Clinical signs of disease of the nasal septum

A

Decreased or complete obstruction
stridor
discharge
facial distortion

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5
Q

Aftercare of treatment of nasal septum resection

A

systemic abx
NSAIDs
Remove packing 2 days post op
Clean and flush with saline

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6
Q

Progressive ethmoid hematoma

A

progressively enlarging soft tissue mass originating from the mucosa of the ethmoid turbinates

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7
Q

Clinical signs of ethmoid hematoma

A

epistaxis
serosanguinous nasal exudate
Stridor

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8
Q

Where is the ethmoid hematoma located if the epistaxis is bilateral?

A

caudal to the caudal edge of the nasal septum

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9
Q

Where is the ethmoid hematoma located if the epistaxis is unilateral?

A

cranial to the caudal edge of the nasal septum

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10
Q

Treatment for Ethmoid hematoma

A

Trephination for removal

4% formalin via biopsy endoscopically repeat in 2-3 weeks

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11
Q

What is the histopathology of ethmoid hematoma?

A

Outer surface: respiratory epithelium

Central: hemosiderin filled macrophages

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12
Q

What causes Primary Sinusitits?

A

Upper respiratory tract infection

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13
Q

What causes secondary Sinusitis?

A

Dental disease
Facial fractures
Cysts
Neoplasia

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14
Q

Clinical signs of Sinusitis

A

Nasal discharge: serosanguinous
Coughing
Facial deformity

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15
Q

Landmarks of the frontal sinus

A

Cranial edge of facial crest
Medial canthus of the eye
1cm above the imaginary line halfway between the points

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16
Q

Aftercare of trephination for sinusitis

A

Leave open
flush daily
Abx
NSAIDs

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17
Q

What is the treatment for Squamous cell carcinoma?

A

necropsy

18
Q

Cribbing

A

“windsucker”
Grasp object with incisors
Contract ventral neck muscles
Pull backward

19
Q

What are the causes of cribbing?

A

Boredom
confinement
isolation
lack of roughage

20
Q

Consequences of cribbing

A

Colic
abnormal wear of incisors
weight loss

21
Q

Non surgical treatment of cribbing

A 
Remove fixed objects 
bitter tasting substances
Cribbing straps 
acupuncture 
Aversion 
Naloxon
22
Q

Surgical treatment of cribbing

A

removal of: Sternomandibularis, sternothyrohyoideus, omohyoideus
Neurectomy - ventral branch of spinal accessory nerve
Modified Forssel’s Procedure - myectomy or neurectomy

23
Q

Aftercare of Myoectomy

A

Abx + NSAIDs

Change environment

24
Q

Idiopathic Laryngal Hemiplegia

A

Uni- or bilateraly paralysis of the cricoarytenoid muscle due to progressive neurogenic atrophy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

25
Q

Signalment of equine with Idiopathic laryngeal hemiplegia

A

1-10 years old
large breed horses
Hereditary

26
Q

Causes of Idiopathic Laryngeal Hemiplegia

A 
Perivascular injection of the left jugular vein 
Gutteral pouch mycosis 
trauma 
strangles 
Organophosphate toxicity 
Plant poisoning 
Lead toxicity 
CNS disease
27
Q

Test for Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Slap test

28
Q

Grade 1 Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Normal full abduction of left and right

29
Q

Grade 2 Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Asynchronous abduction but full abduction could be achieved

30
Q

Grade 3 Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Asymmetry at rest, some movement, but full abduction cannot be achieved

31
Q

Grade 4 Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Asymmetry at rest and no movement

32
Q

Treatment of Idiopathic Laryngeal hemoplegia

A

Laryngoplasty (Tie back)

Ventriculectomy (sacculoectomy)

33
Q

What are complications of the Tieback?

A

Seroma
Cough
Dysplagia

34
Q

What are complications of Ventriculectomy?

A

Granuloma formation
Mucocele
Laryngeal web

35
Q

Arytenoid chondritis

A

inflammation and thickening of the arytenoid cartilage

36
Q

Treatment of Arytenoid chondritis

A

Total arytenoidectomy

Partial arytenoidectomy

37
Q

Treatment of choice for Arytenoid chondritis

A

Partial arytenoidectomy

38
Q

Dorsal Displacement of the soft palate

A

the soft palate is displaced over the epiglottis

“Choking up”

39
Q

Treatment of DDSP

A

NSAIDs
Tongue tie
Laryngohyoid support device

40
Q

Surgical Treatment of DDSP

A 
Staphylectomy 
Myectomy 
Removal of sternothyroideus, 
sternohyoideus, omohyoideus
Epiglottic augmentation 
LASER cauterization 
Laryngeal tie forward
41
Q

What is the preferred Surgical Treatment of DDSP?

A

Myectomy of sternothyrohyoideus,

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery 2017 (14 decks)

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