Respiratory Stuff (PASSMED) Flashcards
What does a right shift in the oxygen dissociation curve indicate?
A decrease in haemoglobins affinity for oxygen
What does a left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve indicate?
An increase in haemoglobins affinity for oxygen
What happens to oxygen dissociation curve during a fever?
Right shift due to increased temperature
What affect does a decrease in CO2 have on the oxygen dissociation curve?
Left shift (increases oxygen affinity)
–> inverse is true
What is the effect of increased pH on the oxygen dissociation curve?
Left shift (increases oxygen affinity)
–> inverse is true
What happens to the pulmonary arteries during hypoxia?
Vasoconstriction
How do you calculate functional residual capacity?
FRC = expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
What is the anatomical level of the transpyloric plane?
L1
What is the effect of increased methaemaglobin on the oxygen dissociation curve?
Shifts it to the left
Features of lung collapse.
- Trachea deviation (e.g. Left lung collapse; left deviation)
- Dull to percuss
- Reduced breath sounds
How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
Bound to haemoglobin as bicarbonate ions
What chromosome is the CFTR (cystic fibrosis) gene located on?
Chromosome 7
What vertebral level does the trachea bifurcate?
T5
What is a combination of erythema nodosum, raised serum ACE levels and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy indicate?
Sarcoidosis
T/F Pulmonary fibrosis results in decreased lung compliance?
True
What is the most common organism associated with bronchiectasis?
Haemophilus influenzae
T/F Patients with COPD typically have a flattened diaphragm on CXR
True
How do you calculate vital capacity?
VC = inspiratory capacity + expiratory reserve volume
What is a normal tidal volume?
500ml in males
350ml in females
