Immunology Flashcards
Interleukins, Immunoglobins and Hypersensitivity
What is the main function of IL-1?
Fever and inflammation
Activates endothelium and helps recruit WBCs
What is the main function of IL-2?
Stimulates growth of T cells (helper ad cytotoxic) and activates NK cells
What is the main function of IL-4?
Promotes B cell class switching to IgE
Important in allergies and Th2 differentiation
What does IL-5 do?
Promotes B cell class switching to IgA and activated eosinophils
What is the role of IL-6?
Causes fever and stimulates acute-phase protein production in the liver
What does IL-10 do?
Anti-inflammatory
Inhibits Th1 and macrophages
Which immunoglobin is most abundant in blood?
IgG
Provides long term immunity
Crosses placenta
Which immunoglobin is first produced in infection?
IgM
Which immunoglobin is found in secretions (saliva, tears, breast milk)?
IgM
Which immunoglobin mediates allergic reactions?
IgE
Binds allergens and parasites.
Triggers mast cells and basophils
What is the role of IgD?
Mainly on naïve B cells
Uncertain function
Possibly involved in B cell activation
What is type I hypersensitivity?
Anaphylactic and Atopic
(IgE mediated e.g. allergies, asthma)
What is type II hypersensitivity?
Cytotoxic
(IgG/IgM against cell surface antigens)
What is type III hypersensitivity?
Immune complex-mediated (SLE, serum sickness)
What is type IV sensitivity?
Delayed onset
(T-cell mediated not antibody e.g. TB skin test)
What are the 5 main types of white blood cell?
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
Eosiniphil
Basophil
What is the primary function of neutrophils?
Phagocytosis of bacteria and cellular debris
First in infection
Which WBC are involved in adaptive immunity?
Lymphocytes
T and B cells
What is the role of B cells?
Produce antibodies
Involved in humoral immunity
What is the role of T cells
Help kill infected cells and regulate immune responses
Involved in cell mediated immunity
What do monocytes do?
Differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells
Perform phagocytosis and antigen presentation
What is the function of eosinophils?
Combat parasitic infections and participate in allergic responses
What is the main role of basophils?
Release histamine and other mediators in allergic reactions
