Respiratory Rx Flashcards
Loratadine
(Claritin) (2nd generation antihistamine)
histamine H1-receptor antagonist
(non-sedating)
Used for seasonal allergies, chronic idiopathic urticaria
A/E: HA (common); fatigue, giddiness, dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, somnolence
Interactions w/ additive effects w/ CNS depressants
CI: liver dz, acute asthma attack, pneumonia
Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl) histamine H1-receptor antagonist (sedating antihistamine, antiemetic)
*crosses BBB
Used for allergies (not asthma), motion sickness prophylaxis, cough, insomnia
A/E: drowsiness, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, anorexia
Hydroxyzine
piperazine derivative (histamine H1-receptors)
anxiolytic, antihistamine, sedative-hypnotic
Used for short term mgmt of anxiety, pruritis, chronic urticaria, preoperative sedation
A/E: CNS depression, paradoxical CNS stimulation, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, tachycardia, GI disturbances, HA, hypotension, tinnitus
Cyproheptadine
piperidine (nonselective) sedating antihistamine (antimuscarinic, serotonin-antagonist and Ca-channel blocking, competes for H1-receptor sites)
Used for allergic conditions, tx & prophylaxis of migraine & other vascular HAs
A/E: drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth, GI upset, appetite increase, weight gain, impaired alertness
CI: narrow angle glaucoma, acute asthmatic attack
Fluticasone
(Flovent Diskus, Flovent HVA) inhaled synthetic corticosteroid (anti-inflam)
Used for prevention of allergic rhinitis, chronic nasal inflammation, and asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis
A/E: nasal & throat irritation, oropharyngeal candidiasis
Albuterol/Salbutamol
(Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA)
inhaled sympathomimetic
beta-2 adrenergic agonist [bronchodilator, antiasthmatic]
Used for acute bronchospasm, COPD
A/E: tremor, nausea, HA, restlessness, palpitations, tachycardia, chest pain
Salmeterol
(Serevent)
Long-acting beta-2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) [sympathomimetic bronchodilator]
Used for asthma in combo w/ glucocorticoids for moderate to severe asthma; prevents nocturnal attacks & exercise-induced asthma
A/E: tachycardia, HA, nervousness
BLACK BOX: increased risk of asthma-related death
Epinephrine/Adrenalin
(EPI Pen) sympathomimetic bronchodilator (direct acting); stimulates alpha & beta adrenergic receptors –>
Phenylephrine nasal spray
sympathomimetic (alpha-adrenergic agonist); decongestant
Tiotropium bromide
antimuscarinic, anticholinergic [bronchodilator]
Ipratropium bromide
anticholinergic
Montelukast Sodium
(Singulair) leukotriene receptor antagonist (antiasthmatic)
Dextromethorphan
(Benylin DM) levorphanol derivative (antitussive)
Guaifenesin
(Mucinex) propanediol derivative (mucolytic, expectorant)
Oxymetazoline
(Drystan, Afrin) imidazoline (decongestant); direct acting sympathomimetic
Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative (PPD Skin Test/Mantoux Test)
antigenic purified protein derivative (PPD) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis; used in Dx of TB
Isoniazid (INH)
isonicotinic acid (antitubercular agent)
Promethazine
sedating antihistamine?
Meclizine (OTC)
sedating antihistamine?
Beclomethasone
inhaled steroid
Benzonatate
cough suppressant
acetylcysteine
mucolytic
Cromolyn Sodium
mucolytic??
Rifampin
tuberculosis drug?
