Respiratory: Questions - 15.2 Control of Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 1

We learned in the brain lesson, that the respiratory center lies in the ______________________ .

Answer 1

Medulla oblongata

Question 2

We learned in the brain lesson, that there was also help from the _____________ in breathing.

Answer 2

Pons

Question 3

The _________ is an important integrating center (processing center) for respiration since it receives messages from many sources, processes these messages and then sends input to the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata.

Answer 3

Pons

Question 4

The principle pacemaker for breathing is the VRG which is an acronym for the ______________________.

Answer 4

Ventral Respiratory Group

Question 5

What spinal nerve controls the diaphragm?

Answer 5

Phrenic nerve

Question 6

What plexus does the phrenic nerve exit from?

Answer 6

Cervical plexus

Question 7

The VRG controls both the phrenic nerve and the _________________ nerve.

Answer 7

Intercostal

Question 8

The VRG sends messages to the:

Answer 8

• Phrenic nerve

* Intercostal nerve

Question 9

The phrenic nerve is a spinal or cranial nerve?

Answer 9

Spinal nerve

Question 10

Chemoreceptors for respiration monitor what three substances?

Answer 10

• Carbon dioxide
• Oxygen
• pH (hydrogen ions)

Question 11

The three areas for chemoreceptors used in breathing are:

Answer 11

• medulla oblongata
• carotid artery
• aorta artery

Question 12

The major drive for breathing is the chemical ________________.

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide

Question 13

Increases in the blood level of carbon dioxide will __________ the breathing rate.

Answer 13

Increase

Question 14

Decreases in the blood level of carbon dioxide will __________ the breathing rate.

Answer 14

Decrease

Question 15

Oxygen and pH levels can also affect the breathing rate but the major drive is from __________________ levels.

Answer 15

Carbon Dioxide

Question 16

The sympathetic nervous systems can ____________ the breathing rate.

Answer 16

increase

Question 17

The parasympathetic nervous system can __________ the breathing rate.

Answer 17

decrease

Question 18

Stretch receptors are located in the ____________.

Answer 18

Lungs

Question 19

What is the purpose of the respiratory stretch receptors?

Answer 19

Reflex that prevents over-inflation of the lungs.

Question 20

Where would you find the ventral respiratory group?

Answer 20

In the medulla oblongata

Question 21

What inputs influence the breathing rate?

Answer 21

• blood gases
• stretch receptors of the lungs
• emotional
• irritants such as smoke
• voluntary control of skeletal muscles.