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CIH > Respiratory Protection > Flashcards

Respiratory Protection Flashcards

1
Q

Why would respiratory protection be used if engineering controls are in place?

A

Engineering controls are insufficient

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2
Q

What types of activities/work warrants RP use?

A

Maintenance, repair, construction, abatement, emergency, health care

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3
Q

What is considered approved RP?

A

Approved by NIOSH (no substitutions with non-certified parts)

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4
Q

Examples of air purifying respirators?

A

Dust mask, half/full face respirators, gas masks, PAPRs

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5
Q

Examples of atmosphere supplying respirator?

A

Supplied air respirator (i.e. airline), SCBA

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6
Q

What are the three characteristics of a respirator?

A

Facepiece (half or full), pressure relative to atmo (pos or neg), mode of operation (continuous or pressure demand)

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7
Q

How to APRs work?

A

Filters particulates and/or adsorbs gases and vapors

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8
Q

What are the limitations to an APR?

A

Does not change O2 concentration, cannot be used in IDLH environment

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9
Q

What is a P100 filter?

A

Oil proof particulate filter with 99.97% efficiency

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10
Q

What is an R99 filter?

A

Oil proof for one shift with 99% efficiency

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11
Q

What is an N95 filter?

A

Non oil resistant filter with 95% efficiency

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12
Q

What are HEPA filters?

A

High efficiency particulate filters, 99.97% efficiency and are required for toxic particulates

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13
Q

What is inertial impaction (filtration)?

A

Dense particles resist change in airflow and hit filter as a result.

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14
Q

What is diffusion (filtration)?

A

Brownian motion causes very small particles to hit filter.

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15
Q

What is interception (filtration)?

A

Particle hits filter despite being able to track airflow.

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16
Q

What is sedimentation (filtration)?

A

Particles settle onto surface due to gravity. Larger mass particles settle faster.

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17
Q

Why does filtration efficiency decrease at ~0.3 um?

A

Particles have a certain mass where it is not strongly influenced by impaction or diffusion.

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18
Q

What is the difference between an N95 and a surgical mask in a healthcare setting?

A

N95s protect workers from aerosol transmissible diseases while surgical masks protect patients and are not APRs

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of N95s?

A

Single use, need fit testing, use both straps, need RPP

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20
Q

What are vapor and gas cartridges designed for?

A

Acid gases, organic vapors, ammonia

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21
Q

What is a vapor/gas cartridge maximum use concentration?

A

APF x PEL

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22
Q

What are the limits of a VG cartridge?

A

1000 ppm, can never exceed IDLH

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23
Q

How would you use the MUC to determine what kind of respirator to use?

A

Compare the MUC to the air concentration in the work area

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24
Q

What are the GV cartridge removal mechanisms?

A

Adsorption (stick to surface) and absorption (incorporated into substrate)

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25
Q

Cartridge color code: black

A

Organic vapor

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26
Q

Cartridge color code: white

A

Acid gas

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27
Q

Cartridge color code: yellow

A

OV + acid gas

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28
Q

Cartridge color code: green

A

Ammonia

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29
Q

Cartridge color code: orange

A

Mercury vapor

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30
Q

Cartridge color code: olive green

A

Multi-contaminant

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31
Q

Cartridge color code: magenta

A

P100

32
Q

When should a change out schedule be established?

A

When no end of service life indicator is present

33
Q

Why does air concentration affect cartridge life?

A

Higher concentrations increase the amount of contaminant for that use time

34
Q

Why does intensity of work affect cartridge life?

A

Work intensity determines how often/how much volume is pulled through the cartridge, thus how much contaminant is loaded

35
Q

Why do temperature and humidity affect cartridge life?

A

Not sure. My guess: it affects the adsorption characteristics of the filter.

36
Q

What are warning properties for respirators?

A

Odor (if below PEL), taste, slight nose/throat irritation indicates breakthrough

37
Q

What is a gas mask?

A

A type of APR

38
Q

What is a CBRN gas mask?

A

Chemical/biological/radiological/nuclear

39
Q

What are 2 characteristics of gas mask canisters?

A

Lasts longer than cartridges and can be chin/belt mounted

40
Q

How are PAPRs different from non-powered APRs?

A

Provides airflow and can accommodate beards/glasses (for hood type PAPRs, not loose fitting)

41
Q

What face pieces provide a PAPR with 25 APR?

A

Loose fitting face piece, helmet, hood

42
Q

What face pieces provide a PAPR with 1000 APR?

A

full face piece and helmet/hood with manufacturer test data

43
Q

What is required for a continuous flow atmo supplying respirator?

A

Compressor for air source

44
Q

What is grade D breathing air?

A 
O2 19.5-23.5%
CO <=10 ppm
CO2 <=1000 ppm
Oil <=5 mg/m3
Lack of noticeable odor
ANSI/CGA Commodity Specification for Air G-7.1-1989
45
Q

What must be minimized with non-oil lubricated compressors?

A

CO must not exceed 10 ppm

46
Q

What is accessory is included with oil lubricated compressor?

A

CO and/or high temperature alarms

47
Q

What should be minimized with air compressors in general?

A

Moisture

48
Q

What are breathing air couplings incompatible with?

A

Outlets for non-respirable worksite air or other gas systems

49
Q

What should be minimized with cylinders?

A

Moisture in air

50
Q

What must be done to meet DOT requirements for cylinders?

A

Labeling, testing, and maintenance

51
Q

Why should cylinder breathing couplings be incompatible with worksite air/other gas systems?

A

So you don’t breathe shitty air lol

52
Q

What should the supplier provide with their breathing air cylinders?

A

Certificate of analysis

53
Q

When should atmo supplying respirators be used?

A

When no approved APR is available
Abrasive blasting with sand/of toxic substances
Escape from/work in IDLH atmospheres

54
Q

What kind of air is provided in an airline respirator?

A

Grade D

55
Q

What are the cfm requirements for an airline respirator?

A

4 if tight fitting, 6 if loose fitting

56
Q

What are air line respirators also called?

A

Type C

57
Q

How long should hoses be for airline respirators?

A

<=300 feet

58
Q

What is the max pressure for an airline respirator?

A

125 psig

59
Q

What is a closed circuit SCBA?

A

Rebreather, absorbs CO2, recycles O2, used in mine rescue, no NIOSH criteria

60
Q

What is an open circuit SCBA?

A

Pressure demand, grade D air, used in IDLH/emergency response/unknown atmospheres.

61
Q

What is an IDLH atmosphere?

A

Poses threat of death, immediate or delayed adverse health effects, prevents escape. Can cause these effects within 30 minutes.

62
Q

What are examples of IDLH?

A

Unknown atmo, firefighting, O2 deficiency, 2000x PEL, 500x PEL particulates, 10% LEL, NIOSH established IDLH levels

63
Q

What kind of RP do IDLH atmospheres require?

A

NIOSH certified full facepiece pressure demand SCBA with >=30 min air OR combo full facepiece pressure demand air line respirator with auxiliary bottle (15 min for entry and escape)

64
Q

When can an O2 deficient atmosphere NOT be considered IDLH?

A

If employer can demonstrate the [O2] can be maintained within certain ranges (see table 2), then any atmosphere supplying respirator may be used.

65
Q

What is the exception to the exception for O2 deficient atmospheres and IDLH conditions?

A

When altitude is >8,000 feet

66
Q

At what altitude must oxygen-enriched breathing air be supplied?

A

14,000 feet

67
Q

For RP selection, how would one address potential respiratory hazards?

A

ID airborne chems of concern, determine O2 and chem concentration, review: phys/chem properties, OELS, systemic effects, warning properties

68
Q

For RP selection, how would one address Workplace factors?

A

How are the chems used, how often, how long for any given task, how much, size of work area, and number of employees impacted.

69
Q

What is required for a user when using RP?

A

Initial and annual training, medical approval, successful annual fit test

70
Q

What are some considerations when picking a specific piece of RP?

A

APR vs air supply, facepiece/head gear type, APF, max use concentration, cartridge, filters, air supply

71
Q

What are RPP employer responsibilities?

A

Evaluate workplace hazards, implement RPP, provide: medical eval, training, respirators and supplies, fit testing, program eval, record keeping.

72
Q

What are RPP employee responsibilities?

A

Use respirators properly as trained, seal checks, inspect, clean, and maintain, protect equipment, store properly, report malfunction and changes in medical status.

73
Q

How do you clean a respirator?

A

Clean after each use. Use warm water with cleaning solution, disinfect with 50 ppm each bleach and iodine, rinse well and air dry OR clean with wipes.

74
Q

How do you store respirators?

A

In a sealed container separate from cartridges. Away from sunlight, moisture, and temperature extremes.

75
Q

In a quantitative fit test, what values are being compared?

A

Ratio of [particles] outside mask to [particles] inside mask.

76
Q

How does a condensation nucleus counter work?

A

Grows particles via condensation and counts through light scattering. Can be used for filtering face pieces.

77
Q

How does a controlled negative pressure test work?

A

Applies negative pressure and measures leak rate. Cannot be used for filtering face pieces.

CIH (11 decks)

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