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Physiology > Respiratory Physiology > Flashcards

Respiratory Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

Amount of air inspired & expired during quiet breathing

A

TV

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1
Q

Cannot be measured directly by spirometry

A

RV, TLC, FRC

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2
Q

Maintains oxygenation in between breaths

A

RV

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3
Q

Equilibrium/resting volume of the lung

A

FRC

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4
Q

Marker for lung function

A

FRC

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5
Q

What happens to the FEV1 & FVC in patients w/ obstructuve & restrictive lung diseases

A

Decrease

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6
Q

What is the FEV1/PVC ratio of a healthy person

A

0.8

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7
Q

What happens to the FEV1/PVC ratio in a patient with obstructive lung diseases?

A

Decreased

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8
Q

What happens to the FEV1/PVC ratio in a patient with restrictive lung diseases?

A

Normal or increased

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9
Q

Cells that produce surfactant

A

Type 2 pneumocytes

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10
Q

Main component of surfactant

A

Water

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11
Q

Active component of surfactant

A

Dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine/Lecithin

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12
Q

Mechanism for DPPC reducing surface tension

A

Amphipathic nature (hydrophobic & hydrophilic nature)

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13
Q

Effect of surfactant on lung compliance

A

Increase

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14
Q

Start of surfactant production

A

24th week AOG

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15
Q

Maturation of surfactant

A

35th wk AOG

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16
Q

Test for surfactant

A

Amniotic L:S ratio

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17
Q

What is the only form of gas thy contributes to partial pressure

A

Dissolved gas

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18
Q

What is the only gas in inspired air found exclusively as dissolved gas

A

Nitrogen

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19
Q

O2 transport at rest

A

Perfusion-limited

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20
Q

O2 transport during exercise & diseases states

A

Diffusion-limited

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21
Q

O2 transport in high altitude

A

Slow

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22
Q

Equilibration of O2 at sea level

A

1/3 length of pulmonary capillary

23
Q

Equilibration of O2 at high altitude

A

2/3 length of pulmonary capillary

24
Q

Percentage of dissolved O2

A

2%

25
Q

Percentage of O2 bound to Hb

A

98%

26
Q

Hb with attached O2

A

Oxyhemoglobin

27
Q

Hb without attached O2

A

Deoxyhemoglobin

28
Q

Hb with Fe3, does not bind O2

A

Methemoglobin

29
Q

Max O2 binding w/ Hb

A

O2 binding capacity

30
Q

% of blood that gives up its O2 as it passes through the tissues

A

Utilization coefficient

31
Q

90% of CO2 in the blood

A

HCO3

32
Q

5% of CO2 in blood

A

Dissolved CO2

33
Q

3% of CO2 in blood

A

CarbaminoHb

34
Q

Cl-HCO3 exchange in the RBC

A

Chloride shift (using band 3 protein)

35
Q

O2 affecting affinity of CO2/H to Hb

A

Haldane effect

36
Q

CO2/H affecting affinity of O2 to Hb

A

Bohr effect

37
Q

Pulmonary pressure & resistance

A

< Systemic circulation

38
Q

Pulmonary circulation: blood flow

A

= systemic circulation

39
Q

Pulmonary blood flow: supine

A

Same through the entire lung

40
Q

Pulmonary blood flow:

A

Lowest at the apex, highest at the base

41
Q

Effect of hypoxia (low PAO2) on pulmonary arterioles

A

Vasoconstriction

42
Q

Lung vasoactive substances

A

TXA2, PGI2

43
Q

Causes bronchoconstriction

A

Leukotrines

44
Q

What lung zones do we see in the Apex of the lungs?

A

2,3

45
Q

What lung zone do we see in the base of the lungs?

A

3

46
Q

What lung zone do we see in a supine position or during exercise throughout the lungs?

A

3

47
Q

What lung zones do we see in cases of pulmonary hemorrhage or positive pressure ventilation

A

1

48
Q

Site of highest ventilation

A

Base of the lungs

49
Q

Site of highest perfusion (Q)

A

Base of the lungs

50
Q

Site of highest V/Q ratio

A

Apex of the lungs

51
Q

Perfusion of lungs with no ventilation (V/Q = zero)

A

Shunt

52
Q

Inspiratory center; control basic rhythm, normal inspiration

A

Dorsal raspi group

53
Q

Overdrive mechanism during exercise, for forced inspiration & expiration

A

Ventral respi geoup

54
Q

Found in the lower pons; for prolonged inspiratory gas; decreases RR apneustic

A

Apneustic center

55
Q

Found in the upper pons; limits time for inspiration w/c increases RR

A

Pneumotaxic center

Physiology (11 decks)

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