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Physiology > Blood Physiology > Flashcards

Blood Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

Which complement is an anaphylatoxin (induces inflammation)?

A

C3a, C4a, C5a

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1
Q

Which complement is responsible for opsonization?

A

C3b

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2
Q

Which complement is chemotactic to WBC?

A

C5a

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3
Q

Which complement is part of the Membrane Attack Complex?

A

C3b - C9

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4
Q

Process of forming blood cells in the bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

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5
Q

Site of blood cell formation beginning from 3rd wk AOG

A

Yolk sac/aortic gonad mesonephros (AGM) region

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6
Q

Site of blood cell formation from 3rd month AOG to birth

A

Liver (with minor contributions from spleen, LN)

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7
Q

Only source of blood cells postnatally; begins at 4th month AOG

A

Bone marrow

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8
Q

All bone marrow are active

A

Birth to puberty

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9
Q

Only bone marrow of vertebra, ribs, sternum, skull, pelvis, proximal epiphyseal region of humerus active

A

Age 20

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10
Q

Post-embryonic extramedullay hematopoiesis in fullterm infant

A

Always abnormal

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11
Q

How many oxygen molecules can 1 hemoglobin molecule bind?

A

4 O2 molecules

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12
Q

Hormone stimulating RBC production

A

Erythropoietin

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13
Q

Main stimulus for EPO production

A

Hypoxia

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14
Q

Effect of EPO will manifest after this many days

A

5 days

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15
Q

Last RBC stage with a nucleus

A

Orthochromatic erythroblast

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16
Q

RBC stage released to the blood

A

Reticulocytes

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17
Q

Tlme to convert reticulocytes to mature RBC

A

1-2 days

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18
Q

Characteristics of mature RBC

A

NO nucleus, mitochondria nor ER

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19
Q

Lifespan of adult RBC

A

120 days

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20
Q

Lifespan of fetal RBC

A

90 days

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21
Q

Intravascular destruction of old or damaged RBC occurs here

A

Spleen

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22
Q

Extravascular destruction of RBC is due to

A

Macrophages

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23
Q

Fate of heme in destroyed RBC

A

Bilirubin

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24
Q

Nutrient essential for DNA synthesis

A

Folic acid, Vit B12

25
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + neural deficits

A

Vit B12 deficiency

26
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + neural tube disorders

A

Folic acid deficiency

27
Q

Needed to absorb VIt B12

A

Intrinsic factor

28
Q

Sources of Vit B12

A

Meat

29
Q

Sources of folic acid

A

Leafy vegetables, cauliflower, brocolli

30
Q

Lifespan of granulocytes

A

4-8 hrs in the blood, 4-5 days in tissues (shortened during infection)

31
Q

Lifespan of monocytes

A

10-20 hrs in the blood, for several months in the tissues

32
Q

Lifespan of lymphocytes

A

Weeks to months

33
Q

Lifespan of platelets

A

7-10 days

34
Q

Movement of neutrophils & macrophages towards a chemical signal

A

Chemotaxis

35
Q

Movement out of the circulatory system & into the site of injury

A

Diapedesis

36
Q

How many oxygen molecules can 1 hemoglobin molecule bind?

A

4 O2 molecules

37
Q

Hormone stimulating RBC production

A

Erythropoietin

38
Q

Main stimulus for EPO production

A

Hypoxia

39
Q

Effect of EPO will manifest after this many days

A

5 days

40
Q

Last RBC stage with a nucleus

A

Orthochromatic erythroblast

41
Q

RBC stage released to the blood

A

Reticulocytes

42
Q

Tlme to convert reticulocytes to mature RBC

A

1-2 days

43
Q

Characteristics of mature RBC

A

NO nucleus, mitochondria nor ER

44
Q

Lifespan of adult RBC

A

120 days

45
Q

Lifespan of fetal RBC

A

90 days

46
Q

Intravascular destruction of old or damaged RBC occurs here

A

Spleen

47
Q

Extravascular destruction of RBC is due to

A

Macrophages

48
Q

Fate of heme in destroyed RBC

A

Bilirubin

49
Q

Nutrient essential for DNA synthesis

A

Folic acid, Vit B12

50
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + neural deficits

A

Vit B12 deficiency

51
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + neural tube disorders

A

Folic acid deficiency

52
Q

Needed to absorb VIt B12

A

Intrinsic factor

53
Q

Sources of Vit B12

A

Meat

54
Q

Sources of folic acid

A

Leafy vegetables, cauliflower, brocolli

55
Q

Lifespan of granulocytes

A

4-8 hrs in the blood, 4-5 days in tissues (shortened during infection)

56
Q

Lifespan of monocytes

A

10-20 hrs in the blood, for several months in the tissues

57
Q

Lifespan of lymphocytes

A

Weeks to months

58
Q

Lifespan of platelets

A

7-10 days

59
Q

Movement of neutrophils & macrophages towards a chemical signal

A

Chemotaxis

60
Q

Movement out of the circulatory system & into the site of injury

A

Diapedesis

Physiology (11 decks)

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