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Physiology > Cell Physiology > Flashcards

Cell Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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1
Q

Contains DNA, Histones & Chromosomes, has nucleolus

A

Nucleus

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2
Q

Involve in detoxification, lipid synthesis, lipid soluble substances to water soluble substances

A

Agranular endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

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3
Q

For synthesis of proteins bound for

the cell membrane, lysosomes, outside of the cell

A

RER Ribosomes

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4
Q

For synthesis of proteins bound for the cytoplasm & mitochondria

A

Free floating ribosomes

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5
Q

For packaging, molecular tagging & synthesis of hyaluronic acid & chondroitin sulfate

A

Golgi apparatus

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6
Q

Contains proenzymes, neurotransmitters & replenishes cell membrane components

A

Secretory vesicles

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7
Q

For regression of tissues & autolysis; suicide bags of cells; destroys FB

A

Lysosomes

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8
Q

Degrades membrane-associated proteins; not membrane bound

A

Proteosomes

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9
Q

Contains oxidases, catalases, for detoxification

A

Peroxisomes

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10
Q

What do you call the specialized SER in skeletal muscle?

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

What do you call the specialized RER in the neuron?

A

Nissl substance

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12
Q

The only substance modified in the RET & not the Golgi apparatus

A

Collagen

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13
Q

What is added ti lysosome-bound proteins by the Golgi apparatus?

A

Mannose 6-phosphate

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14
Q

Lysosomes come from which organelle?

A

Golgi apparatus

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15
Q

Perixisomes come from which organelle?

A

SER

16
Q

Wear & tear pigmenta that accumulates in lysosomes

A

Lipofuscin

17
Q

Disease with dynein missing in cilia & flagella

A

Kartagener syndrome

18
Q

What is the explanation for the situs inversus in Kartagener’s syndrome

A

Defective primary cilia

19
Q

What is the functional unit of the gap junction?

A

Connexon

20
Q

What do you call the movement of substance through the apical & basolateral side?

A

Transcellular transport

21
Q

What do you call the movement of substances between cells through tight junctions?

A

Paracellular transport

22
Q

Which disease involves a mutation in a gene of chromosome 7 that encodes for an ABC transporter called CFTR?

A

Cystic fibrosis

23
Q

What are the predominant cations & anions in the ECF?

A

Na, K

24
Q

What are the predominant cations & anions in the ICF?

A

K, PO4

25
Q

Example of impermeant solute

A

Glucose (effective osmole)

26
Q

Example of Permeant solute

A

Urea (ineffective osmole)

27
Q

Effective osmole used in the treatment of brain edema

A

Mannitol

28
Q

Osmotic pressure from large molecules (proteins)

A

Oncotic pressure

29
Q

Weight of the volume of a solution divided by weight of equal volume of distilled (pure) water

A

Specific gravity

30
Q

Ca-ATPase pump in the cell membrane

A

PMCA

31
Q

Ca-ATPase pump in the sarcoplasmuc reticulum & endoplasmic reticulum

A

SERCA

32
Q

Functions of the Na-K-ATPase pump

A

Contributes to RMP; prevents cellular swelling

33
Q

Functional subunit by Na-K-ATPase pump inhibited by cardiac glycosides

A

Alpha subunit

34
Q

In all epithelial cells, Na-K- TPase pump is found in the basolateral side EXCEPT:

A

Choroid plexus

35
Q

Why do RBCs swell when chilled?

A

Decreased ATP synthesis leads to Dec activity of Na-K-ATPase pump

Physiology (11 decks)

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